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Sewage treatment (or domestic wastewater treatment, municipal wastewater treatment) is a type of wastewater treatment which aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable to discharge to the surrounding environment or an intended reuse application, thereby preventing water pollution from raw sewage discharges. [2]
Dalecarlia Water Treatment Plant, Washington, D.C. Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment.
An industrial wastewater treatment plant may include one or more of the following rather than the conventional treatment sequence of sewage treatment plants: An API oil-water separator, for removing separate phase oil from wastewater. [43]: 180 A clarifier, for removing solids from wastewater. [44]: 41–15
Water treatment came to the United States in 1872 when Poughkeepsie, New York, opened the first slow sand filtration plant, [7] dramatically reducing instances of cholera and typhoid fever which had been seriously impacting the local community. Poughkeepsie's design criteria were used throughout the country as a model for other municipalities.
Advancements in water treatment technology have affected all areas of industrial water treatment. Although mechanical filtration, such as reverse osmosis , is widely employed to filter contaminants, other technologies including the use of ozone generators, wastewater evaporation, electrodeionization and bioremediation are also able to address ...
Sewage treatment plant (a type of wastewater treatment plant) in La Crosse, Wisconsin. Wastewater treatment is a process which removes and eliminates contaminants from wastewater. It thus converts it into an effluent that can be returned to the water cycle. Once back in the water cycle, the effluent creates an acceptable impact on the environment.
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After treatment, the effluent may be returned to surface water or reused as irrigation water (or reclaimed water) if the effluent meets the required effluent standards (e.g. sufficiently low levels of pathogens). Waste stabilization ponds involve natural treatment processes which take time because removal rates are slow.