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  2. Timeline of mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_mathematics

    This is a timeline of pure and applied mathematics history.It is divided here into three stages, corresponding to stages in the development of mathematical notation: a "rhetorical" stage in which calculations are described purely by words, a "syncopated" stage in which quantities and common algebraic operations are beginning to be represented by symbolic abbreviations, and finally a "symbolic ...

  3. History of algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_algebra

    The Greeks created a geometric algebra where terms were represented by sides of geometric objects, [16] usually lines, that had letters associated with them, [17] and with this new form of algebra they were able to find solutions to equations by using a process that they invented, known as "the application of areas". [16] "

  4. Timeline of algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_algebra

    Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria, treats algebraic equations in three volumes of mathematics. c. 200: Hellenistic mathematician Diophantus, who lived in Alexandria and is often considered to be the "father of algebra", writes his famous Arithmetica, a work featuring solutions of algebraic equations and on the theory of numbers. 499

  5. List of equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equations

    1.1 Mathematics. 1.2 Physics. 1.3 Chemistry. 1.4 Biology. 1.5 Economics. ... This is a list of equations, by Wikipedia page under appropriate bands of their field.

  6. Circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle

    The equation can be written in parametric form using the trigonometric functions sine and cosine as = + ⁡, = + ⁡, where t is a parametric variable in the range 0 to 2 π, interpreted geometrically as the angle that the ray from (a, b) to (x, y) makes with the positive x axis.

  7. Line (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_(geometry)

    With respect to the AB ray, the AD ray is called the opposite ray. Thus, we would say that two different points, A and B , define a line and a decomposition of this line into the disjoint union of an open segment ( A , B ) and two rays, BC and AD (the point D is not drawn in the diagram, but is to the left of A on the line AB ).

  8. Equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation

    The first use of an equals sign, equivalent to 14x + 15 = 71 in modern notation. From The Whetstone of Witte by Robert Recorde of Wales (1557). [1]In mathematics, an equation is a mathematical formula that expresses the equality of two expressions, by connecting them with the equals sign =.

  9. Geometrical optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrical_optics

    Geometrical optics, or ray optics, is a model of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays. The ray in geometrical optics is an abstraction useful for approximating the paths along which light propagates under certain circumstances. The simplifying assumptions of geometrical optics include that light rays: