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In June 2020, India's foreign exchange reserves crossed the US$500 billion mark for the first time. [16] In June 2021, India's foreign exchange reserves crossed the US$600 billion mark for the first time. [17] [18] India's total forex reserves touched an all-time high of US$642.453 billion on 8 September 2021. [19]
Here's an overview of the current status, historical trends, and significance of India's foreign exchange reserves. As of November 2024, India's foreign exchange reserves stand at approximately $682.13 billion.
In mid-1991, India's exchange rate was subjected to a severe adjustment. This event began with a slide in the value of the Indian rupee leading up to mid-1991. The authorities at the Reserve Bank of India took partial action, defending the currency by expanding international reserves and slowing the decline in value. However, in mid-1991, with ...
Foreign exchange reserves (also called forex reserves or FX reserves) are cash and other reserve assets such as gold and silver held by a central bank or other monetary authority that are primarily available to balance payments of the country, influence the foreign exchange rate of its currency, and to maintain confidence in financial markets.
India's overall GVA grew by 8.6 percent on year in 2021–22, after contracting 6.2% in 2020–21, PEA Sanjeev Sanyal said. Sanyal added that India now has $636 billion worth of forex reserves, one of the highest in the world, and equivalent to 13.2 months of imports.
The Ministry of Finance monitors and regulates them through ECB policy guidelines issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) under the Foreign Exchange Management Act of 1999. [358] India's foreign exchange reserves have steadily risen from $5.8 billion in March 1991 to ₹38,832.21 billion (US$540 billion) in July 2020.
The foreign currency reserves is at US$652.9 billion as on 13 December 2024. It was US$619 billion as on 25 March 2022 compared to US$579 billion at the end of March 2021 & compared to over US$474 billion at the end of March 2020. Hence the foreign currency reserves as a ratio to external debt is at 96%.
India's foreign exchange reserves are built through foreign capital inflows instead of a current account surplus like in the case of Russia or China. Additionally, the central bank is forced to raise interest rates in order to arrest some of the capital outflows hence reducing domestic demand and accompanying economic effects.