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On August 21, 2007, the Northwest Passage became open to ships without the need of an icebreaker. According to Nalan Koc of the Norwegian Polar Institute, this was the first time the Passage has been clear since they began keeping records in 1972. [6] [20] The Northwest Passage opened again on August 25, 2008. [21]
There are three main routes that connect the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans: the Northeast Passage, the Northwest Passage, and the mostly unused Transpolar Sea Route. [2] In addition, two other significant routes exist: the Northern Sea Route, and the Arctic Bridge. [1] [2]
Northwest Passage routes. The legal status of the Northwest Passage is disputed: Canada considers it to be part of its historic internal waters. [68] The United States and most maritime nations [69] consider them to be an international strait, [70] which means that foreign vessels have right of "transit passage". [71]
It is bounded on the west by the Beaufort Sea; on the northwest by the Arctic Ocean; on the east by Greenland, Baffin Bay and Davis Strait; and on the south by Hudson Bay and the Canadian mainland. The various islands are separated from each other and the continental mainland by a series of waterways collectively known as the Northwest Passage.
The gradual opening of the Northwest Passage has allowed more military and commercial ships to cross over or near the North Pole in recent years, which could reduce their voyages by thousands of ...
[that] does not always clear during the short summers", [131] whereas the route along the island's east coast regularly clears in summer [131] and was later used by Roald Amundsen in his successful navigation of the Northwest Passage. The Franklin expedition, locked in ice for two winters in Victoria Strait, was naval in nature and therefore ...
McClure is credited as being the first to complete the Northwest Passage (by boat and sledge). Despite some questionable behavior, he was granted a share of the £10,000 prize for completing the passage. The subsequent salvage of metals and materials from the abandoned Investigator is considered a turning point in the material use of the Copper ...
Northwest Passage routes. The 1985 Polar Sea controversy was a diplomatic event triggered by plans for the navigation of USCGC Polar Sea through the Northwest Passage from Greenland to Alaska without formal authorization from the Canadian government.