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  2. Diffie–Hellman problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie–Hellman_problem

    The Diffie–Hellman problem (DHP) is a mathematical problem first proposed by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman [1] in the context of cryptography and serves as the theoretical basis of the Diffie–Hellman key exchange and its derivatives.

  3. Cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography

    Since then cryptography has broadened in scope, and now makes extensive use of mathematical subdisciplines, including information theory, computational complexity, statistics, combinatorics, abstract algebra, number theory, and finite mathematics. [43] Cryptography is also a branch of engineering, but an unusual one since it deals with active ...

  4. Cryptanalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptanalysis

    Cryptanalysis has coevolved together with cryptography, and the contest can be traced through the history of cryptography—new ciphers being designed to replace old broken designs, and new cryptanalytic techniques invented to crack the improved schemes. In practice, they are viewed as two sides of the same coin: secure cryptography requires ...

  5. Hill cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_cipher

    Hill's cipher machine, from figure 4 of the patent. In classical cryptography, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra.Invented by Lester S. Hill in 1929, it was the first polygraphic cipher in which it was practical (though barely) to operate on more than three symbols at once.

  6. Diffie–Hellman key exchange - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie–Hellman_key_exchange

    The Logjam authors speculate that precomputation against widely reused 1024-bit DH primes is behind claims in leaked NSA documents that NSA is able to break much of current cryptography. [ 3 ] To avoid these vulnerabilities, the Logjam authors recommend use of elliptic curve cryptography , for which no similar attack is known.

  7. Theoretical computer science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theoretical_computer_science

    Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic commerce. Modern cryptography is heavily based on mathematical theory and computer science practice; cryptographic algorithms are designed around computational hardness assumptions, making such algorithms hard to break in practice by any adversary. It is ...

  8. Substitution–permutation network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution–permutation...

    In cryptography, an SP-network, or substitution–permutation network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES (Rijndael), 3-Way, Kalyna, Kuznyechik, PRESENT, SAFER, SHARK, and Square.

  9. ElGamal encryption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ElGamal_encryption

    In cryptography, the ElGamal encryption system is an asymmetric key encryption algorithm for public-key cryptography which is based on the Diffie–Hellman key exchange.It was described by Taher Elgamal in 1985. [1]

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