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  2. Sex differences in human physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_differences_in_human...

    The gradual growth in sex difference throughout a person's life is a product of various hormones. Testosterone is the major active hormone in male development while estrogen is the dominant female hormone. These hormones are not, however, limited to each sex. Both males and females have both testosterone and estrogen. [107]

  3. Masculinizing hormone therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masculinizing_hormone_therapy

    Estrogen is the predominant sex hormone that slows bone loss (even in men). Both estrogen and testosterone help stimulate bone formation (T, especially at puberty). Testosterone may cause an increase in cortical bone thickness in transgender men (however this does not necessarily translate to a greater mechanical stability).

  4. Prenatal hormones and sexual orientation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_hormones_and...

    Following this, sexual differentiation of the brain occurs; sex hormones exert organizational effects on the brain that will be activated in puberty. [4] As a result of these two processes occurring separately, the degree of genital masculinization does not necessarily relate to the masculinization of the brain.

  5. Sexual differentiation in humans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_differentiation_in...

    The embryo and subsequent early fetus appear to be sexually indifferent, looking neither like a male or a female. Over the next several weeks, hormones are produced that cause undifferentiated tissue to transform into either male or female reproductive organs. This process is called sexual differentiation.

  6. Sex differences in medicine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_differences_in_medicine

    In men, testosterone, an androgen, dominates, and estrogen is only present to a small extent. Estrogen stimulates the immune system more than androgens. Accordingly, it stands to reason that an autoimmune reaction, which is based on a hyperreactive immune sensitivity to autoantigens, can manifest itself much more easily in women.

  7. Neuroscience of sex differences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_of_sex...

    Steroid hormones have several effects on brain development as well as maintenance of homeostasis throughout adulthood. Estrogen receptors have been found in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, hippocampus, and frontal cortex, indicating the estrogen plays a role in brain development. Gonadal hormone receptors have also been found in the basal ...

  8. Feminizing hormone therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminizing_hormone_therapy

    [332] [333] There was significant heterogeneity in the rates of VTE across the included studied, and the meta-analysis was unable to perform subgroup analyses between estrogen type, estrogen route, estrogen dosage, concomitant antiandrogen or progestogen use, or patient characteristics (e.g., sex, age, smoking status, weight) corresponding to ...

  9. Sexual differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_differentiation

    Sexual differentiation is the process of development of the sex differences between males and females from an undifferentiated zygote. [1] [2] Sex determination is often distinct from sex differentiation; sex determination is the designation for the development stage towards either male or female, while sex differentiation is the pathway towards the development of the phenotype.