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Unlike delirium, mild neurocognitive disorders tend to develop slowly and are characterized by a progressive memory loss which may or may not progress to major neurocognitive disorder. [11] Studies have shown that between 5-17% of patients with mild cognitive disorder will progress to major neurocognitive disorder each year.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are neurological disorders associated with HIV infection and AIDS. It is a syndrome of progressive deterioration of memory, cognition, behavior, and motor function in HIV-infected individuals during the late stages of the disease, when immunodeficiency is severe. [ 1 ]
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. [23] It typically manifests as bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor and posture instability. The crude prevalence rate of PD has been reported to range from 15 per 100,000 to 12,500 per 100,000, and the incidence of PD from 15 per 100,000 to 328 per 100,000, with ...
Dementia and amnestic disorder became major or mild neurocognitive disorder (major NCD, or mild NCD). [11] [36] DSM-5 has a new list of neurocognitive domains. [11] "New separate criteria are now presented" for major or mild NCD due to various conditions. [11] Substance/medication-induced NCD and unspecified NCD are new diagnoses. [11]
Clinically subcortical dementia usually is seen with features like slowness of mental processing, forgetfulness, impaired cognition, lack of initiative-apathy, depressive symptoms (such as anhedonia, negative thoughts, loss of self-esteem and dysphoria), loss of social skills along with extrapyramidal features like tremors and abnormal movements.
Executive dysfunction can refer to both neurocognitive deficits and behavioural symptoms. It is implicated in numerous neurological and mental disorders, as well as short-term and long-term changes in non-clinical executive control.
Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of mental conditions affecting the development of the nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord.According to the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, published in 2013, these conditions generally appear in early childhood, usually before children start school, and can ...
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