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Displaced fractures of the ulnar styloid base associated with a distal radius fracture result in instability of the DRUJ and resulting loss of forearm rotation. [ citation needed ] Nerve injury, especially of the median nerve and presenting as carpal tunnel syndrome, is commonly reported following distal radius fractures.
The fracture is usually transverse or oblique and above the medial and lateral condyles and epicondyles. This fracture pattern is relatively rare in adults, but is the most common type of elbow fracture in children. [1] In children, many of these fractures are non-displaced and can be treated with casting.
A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. [1]
Type I: Non-displaced fracture – It can be either non-comminuted ones (Type IA) or comminuted (Type IB). Type II: Displaced, stable fractures – In this pattern, the proximal fracture fragment is displaced more than 3 mm, but the collateral ligaments are intact. That is why there is no elbow instability.
Fracture with a dorsal tilt. Dorsal is left, and volar is right in the image. There are a number of ways to classify distal radius fractures.Classifications systems are devised to describe patterns of injury which will behave in predictable ways, to distinguish between conditions which have different outcomes or which need different treatments.
Non-displaced or minimally displaced fractures may be treated conservatively. Open reduction and internal fixation is reserved for cases that are severely angulated or comminuted . The purpose of fixation is to restore the normal appearance of the face.
A sternal fracture is a fracture of the sternum (the breastbone), located in the center of the chest. The injury, which occurs in 5–8% of people who experience significant blunt chest trauma , may occur in vehicle accidents, when the still-moving chest strikes a steering wheel or dashboard [ 1 ] or is injured by a seatbelt.
Studies generally use the x-ray appearance of the arm to determine how displaced a fracture is. The definition of ‘displaced fractures' are variable, with anything from 2mm to more than 15mm; [4] however x-rays on which this assessment is made are known to be hugely misleading with fractures showing little displacement having >10mm displacement using CT scans.