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Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) is a subtype of the influenza A virus, which causes the disease avian influenza (often referred to as "bird flu"). It is enzootic (maintained in the population) in many bird populations, and also panzootic (affecting animals of many species over a wide area). [ 1 ]
The main virus involved in the global outbreak is as H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, genetic diversification of which with other clades (such as 2.3.2.1c) has seen an evolution in the ability to cause significant outbreaks in a broader range of species, mammals included. [7] [8] [9]
Avian flu virus can last indefinitely at a temperature dozens of degrees below freezing, as is found in the northernmost areas that migratory birds frequent. [citation needed] Heat kills H5N1 (i.e. inactivates the virus). Influenza A viruses can survive: Over 30 days at 0 °C (32.0 °F) (over one month at freezing temperature)
No human-to-human spread has occurred with the contemporary H5N1 viruses currently spreading in birds, the CDC said. ... Bird flu infections in humans can range in severity, the experts note.
Samples from wastewater plants across the nation show an increase in multiple flu viruses. Some experts worry that H5N1 bird flu might be to blame. Flu season is over, but there is a viral surge ...
Dairy herds in Nevada have been infected by a version of the H5N1 bird flu not previously seen in cows, putting virologists on high alert. ... “This new genotype of H5N1 virus, D1.1 was ...
The virus can spread rapidly through poultry flocks and among wild birds. [9] A particularly virulent strain, influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) has the potential to decimate domesticated poultry stocks and an estimated half a billion farmed birds have been slaughtered in efforts to contain the virus. [10]
Influenza A virus (IAV) is the only species of the genus Alphainfluenzavirus of the virus family Orthomyxoviridae. [1] It is a pathogen with strains that infect birds and some mammals , as well as causing seasonal flu in humans. [ 2 ]