Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Defects in apoptotic cell clearance is usually associated with impaired phagocytosis of macrophages. Accumulation of apoptotic cell remnants often causes autoimmune disorders; thus pharmacological potentiation of phagocytosis has a medical potential in treatment of certain forms of autoimmune disorders. [21] [22] [23] [24]
Macrophages are the predominant cells involved in creating the progressive plaque lesions of atherosclerosis. [89] Focal recruitment of macrophages occurs after the onset of acute myocardial infarction. These macrophages function to remove debris, apoptotic cells and to prepare for tissue regeneration. [90]
Pathogenic cells such as bacteria can be opsonised by antibodies or complement factors, enabling their phagocytosis and phagoptosis by macrophages and neutrophils. "Aged" erythrocytes and neutrophils, as well as "activated" platelets, neutrophils and T-cells, are thought to be phagocytosed alive by macrophages.
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is used by the body to remove unwanted, damaged, or senescent cells from tissues. Removal of apoptotic cells is carried out via phagocytosis by white blood cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells.
A cell undergoing apoptosis shows a series of characteristic morphological changes. Early alterations include: Cell shrinkage and rounding occur because of the retraction of lamellipodia and the breakdown of the proteinaceous cytoskeleton by caspases. [56] The cytoplasm appears dense, and the organelles appear tightly packed. [citation needed]
The increased presence of SphK1 is linked to the creation of S1P, which then recruits macrophages to the immediate area surrounding apoptotic cells. [9] It has also been suggested that S1P kinase 2 (SphK2) is a target of caspase 1 , and that a cleaved fragment of SphK2 is what is released from dying cells into the surrounding extracellular ...
In cell biology, a phagosome is a vesicle formed around a particle engulfed by a phagocyte via phagocytosis. Professional phagocytes include macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (DCs). [1] A phagosome is formed by the fusion of the cell membrane around a microorganism, a senescent cell or an apoptotic cell.
Eat-me signals mark the apoptotic cells for phagocytes which can subsequently engulf them and actively prevent the inflammation.Various molecular markers can serve as eat-me signals, particularly a change in composition of the cell membrane, [3] modifications of molecules on the cell surface, changed charge on the plasma membrane, or indirectly the extracellular bridging molecules.