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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a form of psychotherapy designed to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was devised by Francine Shapiro in 1987. EMDR involves talking about traumatic memories while engaging in side-to-side eye movements or other forms of bilateral stimulation.
EMDR begins by identifying troubling memories, cognitions and sensations a patient is struggling with. Then negative thoughts are found that the patient has associated with each memory. While both memory and thought are held in mind the patient follows a moving object with their eyes.
The EMDR therapist will ask for an image of the trauma target, a negative cognition, and a positive cognition. The client rates the positive cognition on a one to seven scale on how true the ...
Cognitive restructuring: exchanging negative thoughts for positive ones. Exposure therapy; Cognitive processing therapy: patients are encouraged to consider the factual basis of their thoughts. Stress inoculation training: patients are taught relaxation techniques such as breathing, progressive muscle relaxation skills, and communication coping ...
These brain structures support cognitive constructs such as attentional switching, information processing speed, and working memory. [49] Hypervigilance is a commonly experienced symptom of PTSD, which indicates a dysfunction in attention processing manifested as a high-attention-bias toward possible environmental threats that is distracting or ...
Cognitive therapy is based on a teacher-student relationship, where the therapist educates the client. Cognitive therapy uses Socratic questioning to challenge cognitive distortions. Homework is an essential aspect of cognitive therapy. It consolidates the skills learned in therapy. The cognitive approach is active, directed, and structured.
EMDR for sexual trauma consists of six different components; one of them is bilateral stimulation. The five others include: [24] Target image - establishing the survivor's key image related to the sexual trauma incident that occurred. Negative Cognitions - understanding and identifying any negative self-perpetuated thoughts that stemmed from ...
Francine Shapiro (February 18, 1948 – June 16, 2019) was an American psychologist and educator who originated and developed eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), a controversial form of psychotherapy for resolving the symptoms of traumatic and other disturbing life experiences.