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Typewritten text in Portuguese; note the acute accent, tilde, and circumflex accent.. Portuguese orthography is based on the Latin alphabet and makes use of the acute accent, the circumflex accent, the grave accent, the tilde, and the cedilla to denote stress, vowel height, nasalization, and other sound changes.
A new agreement between Portugal and Brazil – effective in 1971 in Brazil and in 1973 in Portugal – brought the orthographies slightly closer, removing the written accents responsible for 70% of the divergences between the two official systems and those that marked the unstressed syllable in words derived with the suffix -mente or beginning ...
The International Ispell program commonly used in Unix is based on R. E. Gorin's SPELL. It was converted to C by Pace Willisson at MIT. [10] The GNU project has its spell checker GNU Aspell. Aspell's main improvement is that it can more accurately suggest correct alternatives for misspelled English words.
This spelling, which preceded 1911 in Portugal and 1943 in Brazil, emerged around the middle of the 17th century and was developed by Portuguese linguists. One of the main reasons for the use of this spelling system, in addition to the modernization of the language, was the Portuguese language's attempt to distance itself from Spanish .
The Portuguese language began to be used regularly in documents and poetry around the 12th century. In 1290, King Dinis created the first Portuguese university in Lisbon (later moved to Coimbra) and decreed that Portuguese, then called simply the "common language", would henceforth be used instead of Latin, and named the "Portuguese language".
The Orthographic Reform of 1911 was an initiative to standardize and simplify the writing of the Portuguese language in Portugal in 1911.. Having the force of law in Portugal and having been made due to the establishment of the republic in an attempt to distance the monarchy from the people, this reform completely changed the appearance of the written language and indirectly led to all ...
Distinction is made between the two major standards of the language—Portugal (European Portuguese, EP; broadly the standard also used in Africa and in Asia) and Brazil (Brazilian Portuguese, BP). Neither variant is preferred at Wikipedia, except in cases where a local pronunciation is clearly more relevant, such as a place in Brazil or an ...
The consonant inventory of Portuguese is fairly conservative. [citation needed] The medieval Galician-Portuguese system of seven sibilants (/ts dz/, /ʃ ʒ/, /tʃ/, and apicoalveolar /s̺ z̺/) is still distinguished in spelling (intervocalic c/ç z, x g/j, ch, ss -s-respectively), but is reduced to the four fricatives /s z ʃ ʒ/ by the merger of /tʃ/ into /ʃ/ and apicoalveolar /s̺ z̺ ...