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Africa was a Roman province on the northern coast of the continent of Africa. It was established in 146 BC, following the Roman Republic 's conquest of Carthage in the Third Punic War . It roughly comprised the territory of present-day Tunisia , the northeast of Algeria , and the coast of western Libya along the Gulf of Sidra .
The incorporation of colonial cities into the Roman Empire brought an unparalleled degree of urbanization to vast areas of territory, particularly in North Africa. This level of rapid urbanization had a structural impact on the town economy, and artisan production in Roman cities became closely tied to the agrarian spheres of production.
The ruins of Timgad in present-day Algeria, founded as a colonia under the emperor Trajan Mosaic from El Djem, Tunisia . Roman Africa or Roman North Africa is the culture of Roman Africans that developed from 146 BC, when the Roman Republic defeated Carthage and the Punic Wars ended, with subsequent institution of Roman Imperial government, through the 5th and 6th centuries AD under Byzantine ...
The African province was among the wealthiest regions in the Empire (rivaled only by Egypt, Syria and Italy itself) and as a consequence people from all over the Empire migrated into the province. Large numbers of Roman Army veterans settled in Northwest Africa on farming plots promised for their military service.
Utica (/ ˌ j uː t ɪ k ə /) was an ancient Phoenician and Carthaginian city located near the outflow of the Medjerda River into the Mediterranean, between Carthage in the south and Hippo Diarrhytus (present-day Bizerte) in the north. It is traditionally considered to be the first colony to have been founded by the Phoenicians in North Africa ...
Ruins of the Roman city of Hippo Regius The Arch of Caracalla in Theveste, built c. 210 AD by a general from the city, dedicated to Emperor Caracalla The camp of the Legio III Augusta in Lambaesis was established between 123–129 AD, in the time of Emperor Hadrian Roman theatre in Calama Roman aqueduct in Numidia Mosaic at Lambaesis Mosaic of vineyard workers from Caesarea
The Roman Republic established the province of Africa in 146 BCE after the defeat of Carthage. The Roman Empire eventually controlled the entire Mediterranean coast of Africa, adding Egypt in 30 BCE, Crete and Cyrenaica in 20 BCE, and Mauretania in CE 44. The Western Roman Empire lost most parts of Africa to the Vandals in the 5th century
Province of the Late Roman Empire - Byzantine Empire: 293–439 534–698: Map of Roman Africa and Egypt; Byzacena shown in top right. The Province of Byzacena, showing its territorial extent, capital and major cities. Capital: Hadrumetum: Historical era: Late Antiquity - Early Middle Ages