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One material sometimes used to reduce weight for structures that can accept the cost premium is carbon fiber. [9] The auto industry has used the term for many years, as the effort to keep making cars lighter is ongoing. [2] Another common material used for lightweighting is aluminum. [10]
A roller coaster is a machine that uses gravity and inertia to send a train of cars along a winding track. [1] The combination of gravity and inertia, along with g-forces and centripetal acceleration give the body certain sensations as the coaster moves up, down, and around the track. The forces experienced by the rider are constantly changing ...
Therefore, as the wheels move up and down in relation to the road, forces are transferred inwards towards the solid monocoque chassis, as opposed to upwards into the vehicle. As such, push-rod suspension systems allow for much greater high-speed stability, much lower levels of body-roll, and a much lower centre of gravity for the vehicle. [7]
Automobile handling and vehicle handling are descriptions of the way a wheeled vehicle responds and reacts to the inputs of a driver, as well as how it moves along a track or road. It is commonly judged by how a vehicle performs particularly during cornering , acceleration, and braking as well as on the vehicle's directional stability when ...
One proposal to reduce vibration on NASA's Ares solid fuel booster was to use 16 tuned mass dampers as part of a design strategy to reduce peak loads from 6g to 0.25g, with the TMDs being responsible for the reduction from 1g to 0.25g, the rest being done by conventional vibration isolators between the upper stages and the booster. [7] [8]
They all rely on Mass Properties Engineering for their success. Mass Properties Engineering refers to the prediction, determination, management, and tracking of weight, centers of gravity, moments of inertia, and products of inertia for any new vehicle; which are critical factors for determination of its performance and capabilities.
The major forces that accelerate a vehicle occur at the tires' contact patches.Since these forces are not directed through the vehicle's CoM, one or more moments are generated whose forces are the tires' traction forces at pavement level, the other one (equal but opposed) is the mass inertia located at the CoM and the moment arm is the distance from pavement surface to CoM.
Specific modulus is a materials property consisting of the elastic modulus per mass density of a material. It is also known as the stiffness to weight ratio or specific stiffness. High specific modulus materials find wide application in aerospace applications where minimum structural weight is required.