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The Pentamatic featured an automatic stop-down diaphragm (offered only with the Auto Yashinon 50mm/1.8 lens), instant-return mirror, a fixed pentaprism, and a mechanical focal-plane shutter with speeds of 1-1/1000 second, along with additional interchangeable lenses.
Nine-blade iris Pentacon 2.8/135 lens with 15-blade iris Aperture mechanism of Canon 50mm f/1.8 II lens, with five blades In the human eye, the iris (light brown) acts as the diaphragm and continuously constricts and dilates its aperture (the pupil) A 750nm titanium-sapphire laser beam passing through an iris diaphragm, while opening and closing the iris.
A diaphragm too close to the image plane risks the diaphragm itself being recorded as a circular shape or at the very least causing diffraction patterns at small apertures. In most lens designs the aperture is positioned about midway between the front surface of the objective and the image plane.
Examples include the Sigma DP1, which uses a Foveon X3 sensor; the Leica X1; the Canon PowerShot G1 X, which uses a 1.5″ (18.7×14 mm) sensor that is slightly larger than the Four Thirds standard and is 30% of a full-frame sensor; the Nikon Coolpix A, which uses an APS-C sensor of the same size as those found in the company's DX-format DSLRs ...
Zenit 122 Zenit-4 with leaf shutter Zenit-16 with vertical travel shutter. The first attempt to make high-end professional camera by KMZ was the Start in 1958. This camera had a full set of shutter speeds (from 1 sec to 1/1000), a lens with an automatic diaphragm in a unique breech-lock mount, and even a knife for cutting-off part of the unexposed film.
For example, as of 2008, Nikon cameras allow one to set the maximum and minimum ISO sensitivities, and slowest shutter speed that will be used in automatic modes, [4] while Canon cameras will select within the fixed range of ISO 400–ISO 800 in Auto ISO mode. In Nikon cameras, the Auto ISO mode first adjusts the shutter speed, keeping ISO at ...
The ST-E3-RT II was introduced February 4, 2021 and brings control over 2nd-curtain sync, support for the Speedlite EL-1’s low-power 1/8192 micro flash, and FE memory which saves E-TTL settings for further manual adjustment. All of these improvements can be retrofitted to the original ST-E3-RT by a Canon service center. [39]
However, many inexpensive "pseudo" TLRs are fixed-focus models to save on the mechanical complexity. Most TLRs use leaf shutters with shutter speeds up to 1/500 of a second with a bulb setting. For practical purposes, all TLRs are film cameras, most often using 120 film, although there are many examples which used 620 film, 127 film, and 35 mm ...