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Fat removal procedures are used mostly in cosmetic surgery with the intention of removing unwanted adipose tissue. The procedure may be invasive, as with liposuction, [1] or noninvasive using laser therapy, radiofrequency, ultrasound or cold (cryoablation or cryolipolysis) to reduce fat, sometimes in combination with injections. [2] [3]
Liposuction, also known as lipoplasty, is a type of surgery that removes fat from the human body in an attempt to change its shape. Abdominoplasty is one type of body contouring, [1] which is plastic surgery performed on different parts of the body with the aim of improving the shape and tone of the underlying tissue that supports fat.
[2] [3] In the United States, liposuction is the most common cosmetic surgery. [4] [5] The procedure may be performed under general, regional, or local anesthesia. It involves using a cannula and negative pressure to suck out fat. [4] As a cosmetic procedure it is believed to work best on people with a normal weight and good skin elasticity. [4]
Ilizarov's followers, Kaplunov and Yegorov, first used anthropometric cosmetology in Volgograd, Russia in 1992, on a healthy patient for strictly cosmetic purposes. [1] The surgical operation was a success: the tibia was lengthened 6 cm over 11 months. Later, this technique was used elsewhere.
Injection lipolysis is a controversial cosmetic procedure in which drug mixtures are injected into patients with the goal of destroying fat cells. This practice, using drugs generally based on phosphatidylcholine and deoxycholate (PCDC), evolved from the initial intravenous use of those drug formulations to treat blood disorders. [1] [2]
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During this process, facial muscles might be tightened, while facial fat might be removed or redistributed. Sometimes, a jaw lift is performed in the same surgery by making an incision under the chin and tightening the skin of the jaw and neck. Immediately after the surgery, a drainage tube is used to remove excess fluid from the wound. [23] [24]
[1] [2] The technique induces tissue remodeling [3] and production of new collagen and elastin. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The process provides an alternative to facelift [ 6 ] and other cosmetic surgeries. By manipulating skin cooling during treatment, RF can also be used for heating and reduction of fat.