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The panel included the experts on Islamic geometric pattern Carol Bier, [g] Jay Bonner, [h] [66] Eric Broug, [i] Hacali Necefoğlu [j] and Reza Sarhangi. [k] [70] In Britain, The Prince's School of Traditional Arts runs a range of courses in Islamic art including geometry, calligraphy, and arabesque (vegetal forms), tile-making, and plaster ...
Islamic ornament is the use of decorative forms and patterns in Islamic art and Islamic architecture. Its elements can be broadly divided into the arabesque , using curving plant-based elements, geometric patterns with straight lines or regular curves, and calligraphy , consisting of religious texts with stylized appearance, used both ...
Calligraphy was a valued art form, and was regarded as both an aesthetic and moral pursuit. An ancient Arabic proverb illustrates this point by emphatically stating that "Purity of writing is purity of the soul." [6] Beyond religious contexts, Islamic calligraphy is widely used in secular art, architecture, and decoration. [7]
Islamic calligraphy has also displayed figurative themes. Examples of this are anthropomorphic and zoomorphic calligrams. [40] Islamic calligraphy forms evolved, especially in the Ottoman period, to fulfill a function similar to figurative art. [41] When on paper, Islamic calligraphy is often seen with elaborate frames of Ottoman illumination. [41]
Madden, Edward H. (1975). "Some Characteristics of Islamic Art". Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism. 33 (4): 423– 430. doi:10.2307/429655. JSTOR 429655. Mason, Robert B. (1995). "New Looks at Old Pots: Results of Recent Multidisciplinary Studies of Glazed Ceramics from the Islamic World". Muqarnas: Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture ...
An Islamic flag is the flag representing an Islamic caliphate, religious order, state, civil society, military force or other entity associated with Islam. Islamic flags have a distinct history due to the Islamic prescription on aniconism , making particular colours, inscriptions or symbols such as crescent-and-star popular choices.
Typically, binoculars with a magnification of 8× to 10× are used, though many manufacturers produce models with 7× magnification for a wider field of view and increased depth of field. The other main consideration for birdwatching binoculars is the size of the objective that collects light.