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A collegium (pl.: collegia) or college was any association in ancient Rome that acted as a legal entity. Such associations could be civil or religious. The word collegium literally means "society", from collega ("colleague"). [1] They functioned as social clubs or religious collectives whose members worked towards their shared interests.
The main demarcation in the study of ancient Roman collegia concerns their legal statuses with the Roman authorities. A collegium was either classified as being collegium legitimum or collegium illicitum, respective as to whether the collegium was lawful or unlawful. This classification went through several paradigms throughout the course of ...
The College of Pontiffs (Latin: Collegium Pontificum; see collegium) was a body of the ancient Roman state whose members were the highest-ranking priests of the state religion. The college consisted of the pontifex maximus and the other pontifices, the rex sacrorum, the fifteen flamens, and the Vestals. [1]
In ancient Rome, the principle of private association was recognized very early by the state. Sodalitates for religious purposes are mentioned in the Twelve Tables, [1] and collegia opificum, or trade guilds, were believed to have been instituted by Numa Pompilius, which probably means that they were regulated by the jus divinum as being associated with particular cults.
The Collegium Pontificum (College of Pontiffs) was the most important priesthood of ancient Rome. The foundation of this sacred college and the office of pontifex maximus is attributed to the second king of Rome, Numa Pompilius. [21] Much of what is known about the Regal period in Roman history is semi-legendary or mythical.
fētiālēs) was a type of priest in ancient Rome. They formed a collegium devoted to Jupiter as the patron of good faith. The duties of the fetials included advising the Senate on foreign affairs and international treaties, making formal proclamations of peace and of war, and confirming treaties.
In ancient Rome, the quindecimviri sacris faciundis were the fifteen (quindecim) members of a college with priestly duties. They guarded the Sibylline Books, [1] [2] [3] scriptures which they consulted and interpreted at the request of the Senate. [4] This collegium also oversaw the worship of any foreign gods which were introduced to Rome ...
The collegium also had an obligation to take part in Imperial cult by observing the birthday of the reigning emperor, Antoninus Pius. The name of Flavius Apollonius, the procurator who was the joint honoree of the college, indicates that he was a freedman of a Flavian emperor , most likely Domitian .
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