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Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a parcel of fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in either the pressure or the height above a datum. [1]: Ch.3 [2]: 156–164, § 3.5 The principle is named after the Swiss mathematician and physicist Daniel Bernoulli, who published it in his book Hydrodynamica in 1738. [3]
Daniel Bernoulli FRS (/ b ɜːr ˈ n uː l i / bur-NOO-lee; Swiss Standard German: [ˈdaːni̯eːl bɛrˈnʊli]; [1] 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1700 – 27 March 1782 [2]) was a Swiss mathematician and physicist [2] and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family from Basel.
In 1738 Daniel Bernoulli published Hydrodynamica, which laid the basis for the kinetic theory of gases. In this work, Bernoulli posited the argument, that gases consist of great numbers of molecules moving in all directions, that their impact on a surface causes the pressure of the gas, and that their average kinetic energy determines the ...
In the tenth chapter, Bernoulli discussed the first model of the kinetic theory of gases. Assuming that heat increases the velocity of the gas particles, he demonstrated that the pressure of air is proportional to kinetic energy of gas particles, thus making the temperature of gas proportional to this kinetic energy as well. [1]
The Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782) made important mathematical studies of the behavior of gases, anticipating the kinetic theory of gases developed more than a century later, and has been referred to as the first mathematical physicist. [63]
Vis viva began to be known as energy after Thomas Young first used the term in 1807. An excerpt from Daniel Bernoulli's article, dated 1736, [6] with the definition of vis viva with 1 ⁄ 2 multiplier. The recalibration of vis viva to include the coefficient of a half, namely:
In 1738, Swiss physicist and mathematician Daniel Bernoulli published Hydrodynamica which laid the basis for the kinetic theory of gases.In this work, Bernoulli posited the argument, still used to this day, that gases consist of great numbers of molecules moving in all directions, that their impact on a surface causes the gas pressure that we feel, and that what we experience as heat is simply ...
1738 – Daniel Bernoulli publishes Hydrodynamica, initiating the kinetic theory; 1749 – Émilie du Châtelet, in her French translation and commentary on Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, derives the conservation of energy from the first principles of Newtonian mechanics.