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A map of the territorial extent of the Crusader states, Edessa, Antioch, Tripoli, and Jerusalem, in the Holy Land in 1135, shortly before the Second Crusade. The Crusader states, or Outremer, were four Catholic polities that existed in the Levant from 1098 to 1291.
Henry IV of England made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1393–4, and he later vowed to lead a crusade to recapture the city, but he did not undertake such a campaign before his death in 1413. [132] The Levant remained under Ottoman control from 1517 until the Partition of the Ottoman Empire in 1918.
First Crusade: 1098 1144 Principality of Antioch [2] First Crusade: 1098 1268 Kingdom of Jerusalem [3] First Crusade: 1099 1291 County of Tripoli [4] First Crusade: 1102 1289 Kingdom of Cyprus [5] Third Crusade: 1192 1489 Latin Empire [6] Fourth Crusade: 1204 1261 Kingdom of Thessalonica [7] Fourth Crusade: 1204 1224 Principality of Achaea [8 ...
The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt led by King Philip II of France, King Richard I of England and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187. For this reason, the Third Crusade is also known as the Kings' Crusade. [13]
Chronology and Maps, covering 1095–1789, in The Oxford History of the Crusades, edited by Jonathan Riley-Smith. [ 4 ] A Chronological Outline of the Crusades: Background, Military Expeditions, and Crusader States, covering 160–1798, in The Routledge Companion to the Crusades, by Peter Lock.
Lord Edward's Crusade (1271–1272) (Crusade of Lord Edward of England, the Ninth Crusade, or the Last Crusade) Plans for a Joint Latin-Greek Crusade (1274–1276) Crusade of Henry of Mecklenburg (1275) Lithuanian Crusades (1284–1435) Crusade against the Aragonese (1284–1285) (Aragonese Crusade, or Crusade of Aragon) Siege of Acre (1291)
Woburn Abbey is founded by the Cistercians in England. A colony of monks arrive from Fountains Abbey to establish a community that will survive until 1234. December 1 – Eugene III issues the bull Quantum praedecessores, calling for the Second Crusade.
Climax of the First Crusade Archived 2005-11-01 at the Wayback Machine Detailed examanination by J. Arthur McFall originally appeared in Military History magazine. Asbridge, Thomas S. (2004). The First Crusade: A New History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-2084-2. Asbridge, Thomas (2012). The Crusades: The War for the Holy Land ...