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The facet joints are formed by the superior and inferior processes of each vertebra. The first cervical vertebra has an inferior articulating surface but, as it does not restrict lateral or posterior translation, is not always considered a proper zygoma [9] (zygoma is Greek for "yoke", i.e. something that restrains movement).
[8] [10] Scheuermann's kyphosis (M42.0) is significantly worse cosmetically and can cause varying degrees of pain, and can also affect different areas of the spine (the most common being the midthoracic area). Scheuermann's kyphosis is considered a form of juvenile osteochondrosis of the spine and is more commonly called Scheuermann's disease ...
Atlantoaxial instability is a common asymptomatic finding in rheumatoid arthritis patients. [3] However, it can lead to cervical myelopathy. [4] Patients with atlantoaxial instability can experience neck pain and headaches in the back of the head (occipital headaches).
Inflammatory back pain associated with ankylosing spondylitis usually starts slowly, has a dull feel to it, and spreads into the gluteal areas. Back pain has a nocturnal component, gets better with movement, and is worse in the morning. Axial arthritis may begin in the sacroiliac joints and work its way up to the cervical spine over time.
In cervical spondylosis, a patient may be presented with dull neck pain with neck stiffness in the initial stages of the disease. As the disease progresses, symptoms related to radiculopathy (due to compression of exiting spinal nerve by narrowed intervertebral foramen) or myelopathy (due to compression on the spinal cord) can occur. [2]
Cervicocranial syndrome can be caused either due to a defect (genetic mutation [9] or development of diseases later in life) or an injury pertaining to the cervical area of the neck that damages the spinal nerves traveling through the cervical region [10] [7] resulting in ventral subluxation. [11]
This is a shortened version of the thirteenth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue. It covers ICD codes 710 to 739. The full chapter can be found on pages 395 to 415 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.
Spinal stenosis occurs in as many as 8% of people. [4] It occurs most commonly in people over the age of 50. [9] Males and females are affected equally often. [10] The first modern description of the condition is from 1803 by Antoine Portal, and there is evidence of the condition dating back to Ancient Egypt. [11]