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The Turing test, originally called the imitation game by Alan Turing in 1949, [2] is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behaviour equivalent to that of a human. In the test, a human evaluator judges a text transcript of a natural-language conversation between a human and a machine. The evaluator tries to identify the machine ...
The Turing test is based on comparing whether or not the output, at a rate more than chance, matches that which is the expected output for human behavior in the situation being modeled. [ 1 ] "When applied to the validation of human behavior models, the model is said to pass the Turing test and thus to be valid if expert observers cannot ...
The cognitive tradeoff hypothesis argues that in the cognitive evolution of humans, there was an evolutionary tradeoff between short-term working memory and complex language skills. Specifically, early hominids sacrificed the robust working memory seen in chimpanzees for more complex representations and hierarchical organization used in language.
The Winograd schema challenge (WSC) is a test of machine intelligence proposed in 2012 by Hector Levesque, a computer scientist at the University of Toronto.Designed to be an improvement on the Turing test, it is a multiple-choice test that employs questions of a very specific structure: they are instances of what are called Winograd schemas, named after Terry Winograd, professor of computer ...
In 2023, some LLMs have shown good results on many language understanding tests, such as the Super General Language Understanding Evaluation (SuperGLUE). [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Such tests, and the smoothness of many LLM responses, help as many as 51% of AI professionals believe they can truly understand language with enough data, according to a 2022 survey.
The rules varied over the years and early competitions featured restricted conversation Turing tests [6] but since 1995 the discussion has been unrestricted. For the three entries in 2007, Robert Medeksza, Noah Duncan and Rollo Carpenter , [ 7 ] some basic "screening questions" were used by the sponsor to evaluate the state of the technology.
The central goal of laboratory phonology is "gaining an understanding of the relationship between the cognitive and physical aspects of human speech" [1] through the use of an interdisciplinary approach that promotes scholarly exchange across disciplines, bridging linguistics with psychology, electrical engineering, computer science, and other ...
The "standard interpretation" of the Turing Test, in which the interrogator is tasked with trying to determine which player is a computer and which is a human Main article: Turing test Rather than trying to determine if a machine is thinking, Turing suggests we should ask if the machine can win a game, called the " Imitation Game ".