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  2. Intel microcode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Microcode

    Final determination and validation of whether an update can be applied to a processor is performed during decryption via the processor. [18] Each microcode update is specific to a particular CPU revision, and is designed to be rejected by CPUs with a different stepping level. Microcode updates are encrypted to prevent tampering and to enable ...

  3. Downfall (security vulnerability) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downfall_(security...

    Intel promised microcode updates to resolve the vulnerability. [1] The microcode patches have been shown to significantly reduce the performance of some heavily-vectorized loads. [7] Patches to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability have also been created as part of the forthcoming version 6.5 release of the Linux kernel. [8]

  4. Speculative Store Bypass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculative_Store_Bypass

    [7] [2] [12] A stable microcode patch is yet to be delivered, with Intel suggesting that the patch will be ready "in the coming weeks". [ needs update ] [ 7 ] Many operating system vendors will be releasing software updates to assist with mitigating Variant 4; [ 13 ] [ 2 ] [ 14 ] however, microcode/ firmware updates are required for the ...

  5. Transient execution CPU vulnerability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transient_execution_CPU...

    According to AMD it is not practical but the company will release a microcode update for the affected products. Also in August 2023 a new vulnerability called Downfall or Gather Data Sampling was disclosed, [ 63 ] [ 64 ] [ 65 ] affecting Intel CPU Skylake, Cascade Lake, Cooper Lake, Ice Lake, Tiger Lake, Amber Lake, Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake ...

  6. Microcode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcode

    Intel processor microcode security update (fixes the issues when running 32-bit virtual machines in PAE mode) Notes on Intel Microcode Updates, March 2013, by Ben Hawkes, archived from the original on September 7, 2015; Hole seen in Intel's bug-busting feature, EE Times, 2002, by Alexander Wolfe, archived from the original on March 9, 2003

  7. Meltdown (security vulnerability) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltdown_(security...

    Meltdown exploits a race condition, inherent in the design of many modern CPUs.This occurs between memory access and privilege checking during instruction processing. . Additionally, combined with a cache side-channel attack, this vulnerability allows a process to bypass the normal privilege checks that isolate the exploit process from accessing data belonging to the operating system and other ...

  8. BIOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS

    Without reprogrammable microcode, an expensive processor swap would be required; [36] for example, the Pentium FDIV bug became an expensive fiasco for Intel as it required a product recall because the original Pentium processor's defective microcode could not be reprogrammed. Operating systems can update main processor microcode also. [37] [38]

  9. x86 instruction listings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_instruction_listings

    The XSAVE instruction set extensions are designed to save/restore CPU extended state (typically for the purpose of context switching) in a manner that can be extended to cover new instruction set extensions without the OS context-switching code needing to understand the specifics of the new extensions.