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  2. Concordance (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordance_(genetics)

    In genotyping studies where DNA is directly assayed for positions of variance (see SNP), concordance is a measure of the percentage of SNPs that are measured as identical. . Samples from the same individual or identical twins theoretically have a concordance of 100%, but due to assaying errors and somatic mutations, they are usually found in the range of 99% to 99.

  3. Twin study - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_study

    The power of twin designs arises from the fact that twins may be either identical (monozygotic (MZ), i.e. developing from a single fertilized egg and therefore sharing all of their polymorphic alleles) or fraternal (dizygotic (DZ), i.e. developing from two fertilized eggs and therefore sharing on average 50% of their alleles, the same level of genetic similarity found in non-twin siblings).

  4. Twin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin

    The human twin birth rate in the United States rose 76% from 1980 through 2009, from 9.4 to 16.7 twin sets (18.8 to 33.3 twins) per 1,000 births. [5] The Yoruba people have the highest rate of twinning in the world, at 45–50 twin sets (90–100 twins) per 1,000 live births, [6] [7] [8] possibly because of high consumption of a specific type of yam containing a natural phytoestrogen which may ...

  5. Falconer's formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falconer's_formula

    Falconer's formula is a mathematical formula that is used in twin studies to estimate the relative contribution of genetic vs. environmental factors to variation in a particular trait (that is, the heritability of the trait) based on the difference between twin correlations. [2]

  6. Multiple birth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_birth

    Dizygotic (fraternal) twins can be caused by a hyperovulation gene in the mother. [8] Although the father's genes do not influence the woman's chances of having twins, he could influence his children's chances of having twins by passing on a copy of the hyperovulation gene to them. Monozygotic (identical) twins do not run in families.

  7. Quite a few identical twins—as well as friends and family of twins—shared their stories, so if you’re curious about the differences they described, scroll down to find them on the list below. #1

  8. Alabama couple welcomes rare quadruplets: 2 sets of identical ...

    www.aol.com/alabama-couple-welcomes-rare...

    Additionally, to have two sets of identical twins, meaning that both embryos split after fertilization, makes it even more rare." ... The odds of conceiving spontaneous quadruplets falls between 1 ...

  9. Twin registry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_registry

    The use of twins can improve the statistical power of a genetic study by reducing the amount of genetic and/or environmental variability. [1] " Identical twins" (monozygotic (MZ) twins) share virtually all their genes with each other, and "fraternal twins" (dizygotic (DZ) twins), on average, share about 50% of their genes with each other (about the same amount of sharing as non-twin siblings).