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A SLAP tear or SLAP lesion is an injury to the superior glenoid labrum (fibrocartilaginous rim attached around the margin of the glenoid cavity in the shoulder blade) that initiates in the back of the labrum and stretches toward the front into the attachment point of the long head of the biceps tendon.
The biceps brachii primarily serves to supinate the forearm at the elbow joint. [1] The muscle belly is composed of two heads. The short head is more medial and highlighted in green. The long head is more lateral and highlighted in red. A biceps tendon rupture or bicep tear is a complete or partial rupture of a tendon of the biceps brachii muscle.
The long head of the biceps passes through the shoulder joint and attaches to the labrum. During a biceps tenodesis procedure, the surgeon cuts the attachment of the biceps tendon from the labrum and reattaches it to the humerus bone by tacks. By doing this, pressure is relieved from the labrum significantly reducing pain.
It identifies the presence of a pathology involving the biceps tendon or glenoid labrum. The specific positive findings to the test include pain in the bicipital groove indicating biceps tendinitis, [2] [3] subluxation of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle, [3] and presence of a SLAP tear. [4]
Complications can include fracture of the humerus or biceps tendon rupture. [2] The cause in most cases is unknown. [1] The condition can also occur after injury or surgery to the shoulder. [2] Risk factors include diabetes and thyroid disease. [1] [4] [5] The underlying mechanism involves inflammation and scarring.
Shoulder arthrography can be used to study tears of the rotator cuff, glenoid labrum and biceps. [2] The type of contrast injected into the joint depends on the subsequent imaging that is planned. For pneumoarthrography, gas is used, for CT or radiographs, a water-soluble radiopaque contrast, and for MRI, gadolinium. Double-contrast ...
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If the athlete is fatigued or has not warmed up properly he/she may suffer a hamstring strain/rupture, which is the tearing of the hamstring muscle. Avulsion of the biceps femoris tendon is the complete pulling away of the tendon from the bone. This most commonly occurs where the long head attaches to the ischial tuberosity.