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Trail decreases as head angle increases (becomes steeper), as fork offset increases, or as wheel diameter decreases. Motorcyclists tend to speak of trail in relation to rake angle. The larger the rake angle, the larger the trail. Note that, on a bicycle, as rake angle increases, head angle decreases. Trail can vary as the bike leans or steers.
In bicycles, the steering axis angle is called the head angle and is measured clock-wise from the horizontal when viewed from the right side. A 90° head angle would be vertical. Some examples of caster angles are: [5] 72.5° to 74° on the track bicycle 2007 Lemond Filmore, designed for the track (angle varies depending on frame size)
Roadster bicycles traditionally have a fairly slack seat-tube and head-tube angle of about 66 or 67 degrees, which produces a very comfortable and upright "sit-up-and-beg" riding position. Other characteristics include a long wheelbase, upwards of 40 inches (often between 43 and 47 inches, or 57 inches for a longbike ), and a long fork rake ...
In motorcycles, rake refers to the head angle instead, and offset created by the triple tree is used to diminish trail. [43] A small survey by Whitt and Wilson [28] found: touring bicycles with head angles between 72° and 73° and trail between 43 mm and 60 mm; racing bicycles with head angles between 73° and 74° and trail between 28 mm and ...
In the context of bicycles and motorcycles, caster is more commonly referred to as "head angle", "rake angle" or "rake and trail", especially in American English. The terms caster or castor angle are still predominantly used in British English .
Traditional bicycle head tubes and headsets are sized for a 25.4 mm (1 in) diameter steerer tube (also known as the fork column). Many frame and fork manufacturers are now building their parts around a steerer tube with a diameter of 28.6 mm (1 + 1 ⁄ 8 in). The larger diameter of the head tube and headset gives added stiffness to the steering ...
Too much trail makes a bicycle feel difficult to turn. Road racing bicycle forks have an offset of 40–55 mm. [2] For touring bicycles and other designs, the frame's head angle and wheel size must be taken into account when determining offset, and there is a narrow range of acceptable offsets to give good handling characteristics. The general ...
A variation on this type of bicycle is the sports roadster (also known as the "light roadster"), which typically has a lighter frame, and a slightly steeper seat-tube and head-tube angle of about 70°–72°, fitted with cable brakes, comfortable "flat" North Road handlebars, mudguards and, as often as not, three, four or five-speed internal ...