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Antigua and Barbuda [c] is a sovereign archipelagic country composed of Antigua, Barbuda, and numerous other small islands. Antigua and Barbuda has a total area of 440 km 2 (170 sq mi), making it one of the smallest countries in the Caribbean .
Antigua and Barbuda – twin-island nation lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It consists of two major inhabited islands, Antigua and Barbuda, and a number of smaller islands (including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south, the island of Redonda ).
The first confirmed English settlement in Antigua and Barbuda was established in 1632. [2] In 1674, the first sugar plantation was established in the country. This is when the first African slaves were brought to the country, and soon, the majority of people in Antigua and Barbuda were of African descent. [3]
By 1998 Antigua and Barbuda was not considered a democracy by Freedom House. [39] The 1999 elections were neither free nor fair, and due to this, the Antigua and Barbuda Electoral Commission was established in 2001. [40] [41] State media was liberalised. [42] A small Caribbean integration movement had also emerged in Barbuda.
Barbuda (/ b ɑːr ˈ b (j) uː d ə /) [2] is an island and dependency located in the eastern Caribbean forming part of the twin-island state of Antigua and Barbuda as an autonomous entity. Barbuda is located approximately 30 miles (48 km) north of Antigua. The only settlements on the island are Codrington and its surrounding localities.
Most of the highest mountains and hills of Antigua are located in the Shekerley Mountains, while all of the highest points of Barbuda are located in the Barbuda Highlands. Out of the sixty-five named peaks in the country, the tallest is Boggy Peak , at a height of 402 metres.
Turner Beach in Antigua. Antigua (/ æ n ˈ t iː ɡ ə / ann-TEE-gə), [2] also known as Waladli or Wadadli by the local population, is an island in the Lesser Antilles.It is one of the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region and the most populous island of the country of Antigua and Barbuda.
The history of Antigua and Barbuda from 1981 to 1994 began after Antigua and Barbuda gained independence from the United Kingdom on 1 November 1981. This era cemented the rule of the Bird family in Antigua, and resulted in the Barbudan independence movement being pacified for the next few decades.