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In 2006, Benedict XVI renounced the title of "Patriarch of the West" (Patriarcha Occidentis). [1] In 2024, Pope Francis reinstated the title of "Patriarch of the West" (Patriarcha Occidentis), reversing the decision by the previous Pope Benedict XVI; the title reinstatement was meant to bring closer ties to the other Patriarchs in the Eastern Orthodox faith.
The origin of the definition of the patriarch of the West is linked to the disestablishment of the ancient system based on the three apostolic centers of Rome, Antioch (both founded by Saint Peter) and Alexandria (founded by Saint Mark, the disciple of Peter), and the establishment, despite papal opposition, of the new Pentarchy, with the First Council of Constantinople in 381 and the Council ...
In 1054, the mutual excommunications of Leo IX's legate, cardinal Humbert of Silva Candida, and Patriarch of Constantinople Michael I Cerularius began the East–West Schism. The anathematizations were rescinded by Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras in 1965. [17] 153 13 April 1055 – 28 July 1057 (2 years, 106 days) Victor II VICTOR Secundus
As the "Patriarch of the West", the pope issues the Code of Canon Law for the Latin Church. During the Synod of Bishops on the Middle East in 2009, Pope Benedict XVI appeared, as patriarch of the Latin Church, with the other patriarchs, but without the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem, though he was present at the same synod. [19]
There have been 266 popes: 217 from Italy (Including Pope Paul I, II, III, IV, V, VI, Pope Pius I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII); 16 from France (Pope Sylvester II, Pope Stephen IX, Pope Nicholas II, Pope Urban II, Pope Callistus II, Pope Urban IV, Pope Clement IV, Pope Innocent V, Pope Martin IV, Pope Clement V, Pope John XXII, Pope Benedict XII, Pope Clement VI, Pope ...
The pope, as patriarch of the Latin Church, is the head of the only sui iuris Church in the West, leading to the title Patriarch of the West. Eastern patriarchs are elected by the synod of bishops of their particular church. [37] The patriarchs who head autonomous particular churches are:
The pope is the Patriarch of The West after Pope Francis recovered the title in 2024. [9] There are also four major archbishops, who operate as patriarch of their autonomous church, but for historical or procedural reasons are not recognized as a full patriarch. The main difference being that a patriarch's election is communicated to the pope ...
Without using the title "Patriarch of the West," the Fourth Council of Constantinople (869–870), the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), and the Council of Florence (1439) consider the pope only as the first of the five patriarchs. [41] The title developed in the 16th and 17th centuries, due to the multiplication of papal titles. [41]