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Immigration to Europe has a long history, but increased substantially after World War II. Western European countries, especially, saw high growth in immigration post 1945, and many European nations today (particularly those of the EU-15) have sizeable immigrant populations, both of European and non-European origin.
These are lists of countries by foreign-born population and lists of countries by number native-born persons living in a foreign country (emigrants).. According to the United Nations, in 2019, the United States, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Russia and France had the largest number of immigrants of any country, while Tuvalu, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, and Tokelau had the lowest.
Italy now has an estimated 4 million to 4.5 million immigrants — about 8 per cent of the population. Since the expansion of the European Union, the most recent wave of migration has been from surrounding European nations, particularly Central Europe, and increasingly Asia, replacing North Africa as the major immigration area.
Most immigration is for work or study In a time when the NHS and social care sectors are facing major staffing shortages, visas for health and care workers from abroad have dropped by 62 per cent.
An excess of people entering a country is referred to as net immigration (e.g., 3.56 migrants/1,000 population). An excess of people leaving a country is referred to as net emigration (e.g., -9.26 migrants/1,000 population). The net migration rate indicates the contribution of migration to the overall level of population change.
This potentially applies to millions of Latin Americans. In addition, all Latin Americans from Spanish speaking countries (and Brazil) qualify for Spanish citizens after two years' residence, regardless of recent ancestry. This compares very favorably to the requirement of ten years' residence for immigrants from other countries.
The table excludes European immigrants to the Spanish Empire from 1650 to 1800 and Portuguese immigration to Brazil from 1760 to 1800. While the absolute number of European emigrants during the Early Modern period was very small compared to later waves of migration in the 19th and 20th centuries, the relative size of these early modern ...
The 2015 European migrant crisis was a period of significantly increased movement of refugees and migrants into Europe, namely from the Middle East.An estimated 1.3 million people came to the continent to request asylum, [2] the most in a single year since World War II. [3]