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The Fischer–Tropsch process (FT) is a collection of chemical reactions that converts a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, known as syngas, into liquid hydrocarbons. These reactions occur in the presence of metal catalysts , typically at temperatures of 150–300 °C (302–572 °F) and pressures of one to several tens of atmospheres.
The process involves direct air capture of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the electrolysis of water to obtain hydrogen.The carbon dioxide is converted into carbon monoxide in a Reverse Water-Gas Shift (RWGS) reactor and this combines with the hydrogen to create a ‘Syngas’ that is fed into a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactor to create the ...
The Fischer–Tropsch (FT) process is a gas-to-liquid (GtL) process. [10] When biomass is the source of the gas production the process is also referred to as biomass-to-liquids (BTL). [21] [22] A disadvantage of this process is the high energy investment for the FT synthesis and consequently, the process is not yet economic.
The Fischer–Tropsch process is used to produce synfuels from gasified biomass. Carbonaceous material is gasified and the gas is processed to make purified syngas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen). The Fischer–Tropsch polymerizes syngas into diesel-range hydrocarbons.
The synthetic fuel is extremely clear because of the near-total absence of sulfur and aromatics. Synthetic fuel or synfuel is a liquid fuel, or sometimes gaseous fuel, obtained from syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in which the syngas was derived from gasification of solid feedstocks such as coal or biomass or by reforming of ...
With the extraction of chemicals from its Fischer–Tropsch product slate coupled with downstream functionalization and on-purpose chemical production facilities, Sasol moved from being just a South African fuels company to become an international integrated energy and chemicals company with over 200 chemical products being sold worldwide.
The best-known CTL process is Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FT), named after the inventors Franz Fischer and Hans Tropsch from the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in the 1920s. [3] The FT synthesis is the basis for indirect coal liquefaction (ICL) technology.
The Fischer–Tropsch process was used by the Germans during the war to produce synthetic fuel from coal. The RAF's high-performance aircraft needed 100-octane fuel , which was only obtainable from hydrogenated fuels, such as that made at Billingham. [ 2 ]