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In response to Peter Shor's comment: "And that is why for is a coordinating conjunction, while because and since are subordinating conjunctions". With items like " since " / "before" / "after", they uncontroversially occur as prepositions when they have an NP as complement, and there's no basis for assigning them to different categories ...
One of the best tests of a coordinating conjunction is its non-reversible order. We frequently place subordinate clauses beginning with the subordinating conjunction before the main clause, such as: Because the man overate, he developed a stomach ache. Coordinating conjunctions cannot be reversed in this way; HOWEVER (!!!)
Because he loved acting, he refused to give up his dream of being in the movies. Unless we act now, all is lost. This article from Purdue on coordinating and subordinating conjunctions explains the usage of the subordinating conjunction as follows: Notice that when the subordinate clause comes at the beginning, it’s necessary to insert a comma.
CGEL included a wide variety in the category of preposition (but not "BECAUSE"). But some people say that 'for' can be a subordinating conjunction (subordinator) as 'meaningless marker of subordination' while 'because' is a preposition with a distinct meaning, which can take a subordinate clause as prepositional complement.
A subordinating conjunction has to introduce a subordinate clause, which as well as cannot do. Common subordinating conjunctions are although, as, even though, etc. The reason as well as cannot introduce a subordinate clause is because what follows cannot have a subject and verb, which are required in any clause, whether subordinate or ...
Q: Is "even when" a subordinating conjunction as well? A google search often lists "even though", "even if" as examples but I haven't seen "even when" in any lists so far. "Even when he is sick, she works." So, is "even when" a subordinating conjunction introducing the adverb clause or is "even" an adverb qualifying "works"?
A **subordinating conjunction** is a word that connects a dependent clause (a group of words that cannot stand alone as a sentence) to an independent clause (a complete thought). Common subordinating conjunctions include "because," "although," "if," "when," and "while."
Conjunctions like although and because are subordinating conjunctions, in that they make the clause that follows them depend on the rest of the sentence for their meaning. Conjunctions, whether coordinating or subordinating, can happily be inserted between two clauses with no more punctuation than a comma.
1. In tradtional grammar "while" is a subordinating conjunction. But in your example the while-clause is shortened. You can shorten a clause by using a participle construction with drop of the subject if the subjects in subclause and main clause are the same: While you are in the classroom > While being in the classroom.
5. The phrase "because of" is commonly thought of as a preposition; by itself, "because" is also considered by some to be a subordinating conjunction. The Chicago Manual of Style doesn't capitalize any prepositions, excepting at the start of sentences. Additionally, conjunctions are not capitalized mid-line.