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The degree of kinship between two people may give rise to several legal issues. Some laws prohibit sexual relations between closely related people, referred to as incestuous . Laws may also bar marriage between closely related people, which are almost universally prohibited to the second degree of consanguinity.
Aforementioned "collateral relatives by blood up to the third degree of kinship" include: full and half siblings; uncles and niece; aunt and nephew; first cousins (which is counted as fourth degree of kinship in Roman civil law tradition) In Imperial China (221 BCE to 1912), marriage between first cousins was partially allowed.
It also limited both affinity and consanguinity prohibitions to the fourth degree, but retained the same method of calculating, counting back to a common ancestor. [10] The Council of Trent (1545–1563) limited the impediment to marriage on account of affinity in cases when the affinity is created outside of marriage (e.g., by force or extra ...
The kinship coefficient is a simple measure of relatedness, defined as the probability that a pair of randomly sampled homologous alleles are identical by descent. [12] More simply, it is the probability that an allele selected randomly from an individual, i, and an allele selected at the same autosomal locus from another individual, j, are ...
More commonly, they are known as in-laws or family-in-law, with affinity being usually signified by adding "-in-law" to a degree of kinship. This is standard for the closest degrees of kinship, such as parent-in-law , child-in-law , sibling-in-law , etc., but is frequently omitted in the case of more extended relations.
In Vietnam, Clause 3, Article 10 of the 2000 Vietnamese Law on Marriage and Family forbids marriages of people related by blood up to the third degree of kinship. [ 115 ] [ 116 ] Cousin marriage is also prohibited in the Philippines .
Family tree with some family members Family tree with other family members Table of degrees of kinship Swedish family eating, 1902. In his book Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family, anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan (1818–1881) performed the first survey of kinship terminologies in use around the world.
Also, Article 1357 [101] of the Greek Civil Code prohibits the marriage of relatives of direct blood line in totality, and up the four degrees of consanguinity of the secondary blood line (for example you can marry the first cousin of your mother / father, but not your first cousin), also the marriage of relatives five or six degrees of ...