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From 1865 to 1920, African Americans founded over 50 all-black towns and settlements in the Indian Territory. [26] The Land Run of 1889 contributed to the settlement of African American towns in modern Oklahoma. [27] Thirteen African American towns still exist. [28] [7] This is a list of all remaining African American towns in Oklahoma:
The town of Boley prospered from the time of its incorporation until the onset of the Great Depression. According to the Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, Boley became the largest and best-known of all the All-Black Towns. [3] African-Americans migrated from other states to escape the Jim Crow Laws that promoted discrimination ...
In Oklahoma before the end of segregation there existed dozens of these communities as many African-American migrants from the Southeast found a space whereby they could establish municipalities on their own terms. [4]
Oklahoma was home to most all-Black towns in the United States Oklahoma was home to the most all-Black towns in America, with more than 50 of them in the early part of the 20th century.
Oklahoma has a few surviving all-black or African-American majority towns as a result of the Land Rush of 1889, similar to the Exodusters after the Civil War (1860s) to nearby Kansas. One example is Freedom not to be confused with Freedom in the western half of the state. [85] "All-Black" settlements that were part of the Land Run of 1889. [86 ...
At statehood, the town had 375 residents. It grew slightly to 411 in 1910, then began to decline. [5] The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture indicates it was an “All-Black Town,” one of more than fifty identifiable towns and settlements created by African-Americans within the borders of the current State of Oklahoma from 1865 to ...
The Oklahoma Historical Society created the touring exhibition "Thirteen All-Black Towns of Oklahoma," highlighting Boley and 12 additional towns that have survived into the 21st century. Preview materials note: "When E. P. McCabe came to Oklahoma in the 1889 Land Run his vision was to create an All-Black state.
At one time there were 50 all-black towns. [6] The A. J. Mason Building is listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NR 85001743). Carter G. Woodson School, named for a prominent black historian, is listed in the Oklahoma Landmarks Inventory, and noted for its link to African-American history. [6]