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GraphQL is a data query and manipulation language for APIs that allows a client to specify what data it needs ("declarative data fetching"). A GraphQL server can fetch data from separate sources for a single client query and present the results in a unified graph . [ 2 ]
This query would return the city of residence of each person in the graph with residential information, and, if an EU national, which country they come from. Queries are therefore able to first project a sub-graph of the graph input into the query, and then extract the data values associated with that subgraph.
The various curves are for various total mutation rates (). It is seen that for low values of the total mutation rate, the population consists of a quasispecies gathered in the neighborhood of the master sequence. Above a total mutation rate of about 1-Q=0.05, the distribution quickly spreads out to populate all sequences equally.
An example would be a seemingly silent mutation in the multidrug resistance gene 1 , which codes for a cellular membrane pump that expels drugs from the cell, can slow down translation and allow the peptide chain to fold into an unusual conformation, causing the mutant pump to be less functional (in MDR1 protein e.g. C1236T polymorphism changes ...
These "rate-distortion" models [107] suggest that the genetic code originated as a result of the interplay of the three conflicting evolutionary forces: the needs for diverse amino acids, [108] for error-tolerance [103] and for minimal resource cost. The code emerges at a transition when the mapping of codons to amino acids becomes nonrandom.
Slipped strand mispairing (SSM, also known as replication slippage) is a mutation process which occurs during DNA replication. It involves denaturation and displacement of the DNA strands, resulting in mispairing of the complementary bases. Slipped strand mispairing is one explanation for the origin and evolution of repetitive DNA sequences. [1]
A position of a codon is said to be a n-fold degenerate site if only n of four possible nucleotides (A, C, G, T) at this position specify the same amino acid. A nucleotide substitution at a 4-fold degenerate site is always a synonymous mutation with no change on the amino acid.
Genetic viability is the ability of the genes present to allow a cell, organism or population to survive and reproduce. [1] [2] The term is generally used to mean the chance or ability of a population to avoid the problems of inbreeding. [1]