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RAID 0 (also known as a stripe set or striped volume) splits ("stripes") data evenly across two or more disks, without parity information, redundancy, or fault tolerance. Since RAID 0 provides no fault tolerance or redundancy, the failure of one drive will cause the entire array to fail, due to data being striped across all disks.
All implementations of RAID, redundant array of independent disks, except RAID 0, are examples of a fault-tolerant storage device that uses data redundancy. A lockstep fault-tolerant machine uses replicated elements operating in parallel. At any time, all the replications of each element should be in the same state.
RAID (/ r eɪ d /; redundant array of inexpensive disks or redundant array of independent disks) [1] [2] is a data storage virtualization technology that combines multiple physical data storage components into one or more logical units for the purposes of data redundancy, performance improvement, or both.
Under traditional RAID, an entire disk storage system of, say, 100 disks would be split into multiple arrays each of, say, 10 disks. By contrast, under declustered RAID, the entire storage system is used to make one array. Every data item is written twice, as in mirroring, but logically adjacent data and copies are spread arbitrarily.
Fault tolerance uses for representation, in place of , in certain Nested RAID levels (see below for fault tolerance calculation). m {\displaystyle m} is the number of disks in each mirror, rather than the total number of disks.
Those RAID systems made their way to the consumer market, for users wanting the fault-tolerance of RAID without investing in expensive SCSI drives. Fast consumer drives make it possible to build RAID systems at lower cost than with SCSI, but most ATA RAID controllers lack a dedicated buffer or high-performance XOR hardware for parity calculation.
In computer main memory, auxiliary storage and computer buses, data redundancy is the existence of data that is additional to the actual data and permits correction of errors in stored or transmitted data.
A flawed RAID 5/6 also exists, but can result in data loss.) [10] For RAID 1, the devices must have complementary sizes. For example, a filesystem spanning two 500 GB devices and one 1 TB device could provide RAID1 for all data, while a filesystem spanning a 1 TB device and a single 500 GB device could only provide RAID1 for 500 GB of data.