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Dibenzyl sulfide is a symmetrical thioether. It contains two C 6 H 5 CH 2 - (benzyl) groups linked by a sulfide bridge. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in nonpolar solvents.
Diphenyl disulfide is usually prepared by the oxidation of thiophenol: . 2 PhSH + I 2 → Ph 2 S 2 + 2 HI Hydrogen peroxide can also be used as the oxidant. [2] Ph 2 S 2 is rarely prepared in the laboratory because it is inexpensive, and the precursor has a disagreeable odour.
Although the biological oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds competes with abiotic chemical reactions (e.g. the iron-mediated oxidation of sulfide to iron sulfide (FeS) or pyrite (FeS 2)), [10] thermodynamic and kinetic considerations suggest that biological oxidation far exceeds the chemical oxidation of sulfide in most environments. [4]
The 4S pathway is a sulfur-specific metabolic pathway of oxidative desulfurization that converts dibenzothiophene (DBT) into 2-hydroxybiphenyl and sulfite.It uses a total of four NADH molecules (three required by DszD to generate FMNH 2 and a fourth to regenerate the FMN-oxide byproduct of DszA) and three molecules of oxygen, thus producing NAD + and water as byproducts.
The in vivo oxidation and reduction of protein disulfide bonds by thiol–disulfide exchange is facilitated by a protein called thioredoxin. This small protein, essential in all known organisms, contains two cysteine amino acid residues in a vicinal arrangement (i.e., next to each other), which allows it to form an internal disulfide bond, or ...
Benzyl is most commonly abbreviated Bn. For example, benzyl alcohol can be represented as BnOH. Less common abbreviations are Bzl and Bz, the latter of which is ambiguous as it is also the standard abbreviation for the benzoyl group C 6 H 5 C(O)−.
Some organisms can conserve energy (i.e., produce ATP) from the oxidation of sulfur and it can serve as the sole energy source for some lithotrophic bacteria and archaea. [3] Sulfur oxidizers use enzymes such as Sulfide:quinone reductase, sulfur dioxygenase and sulfite oxidase to oxidize sulfur compounds to sulfate.
In organic chemistry, a sulfide (British English sulphide) or thioether is an organosulfur functional group with the connectivity R−S−R' as shown on right. Like many other sulfur-containing compounds, volatile sulfides have foul odors. [ 1 ]