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An organic acid is an organic compound with acidic properties. The most common organic acids are the carboxylic acids, whose acidity is associated with their carboxyl group –COOH. Sulfonic acids, containing the group –SO 2 OH, are relatively stronger acids. Alcohols, with –OH, can act as acids but they are usually very weak.
Most compounds considered to be Lewis acids require an activation step prior to formation of the adduct with the Lewis base. Complex compounds such as Et 3 Al 2 Cl 3 and AlCl 3 are treated as trigonal planar Lewis acids but exist as aggregates and polymers that must be degraded by the Lewis base. [10] A simpler case is the formation of adducts ...
List of acids by Hammett acidity Name Hammett acidity Ref Trifluoroacetic acid-2.7 [1] Phosphoric acid-4.66 [2] Nitric acid-6.3 [3] Methanesulfonic acid-7.86 [2]
Any acid with a value which is less than about -2 behaves as a strong acid. This results from the very high buffer capacity of solutions with a pH value of 1 or less and is known as the leveling effect. [3] The following are strong acids in aqueous and dimethyl sulfoxide solution.
where CH 3 Hg + (methylmercury ion) is a very soft acid and H + (proton) is a hard acid, which compete for B (the base to be classified). Some examples illustrating the effectiveness of the theory: Bulk metals are soft acids and are poisoned by soft bases such as phosphines and sulfides.
Pages in category "Acids" The following 35 pages are in this category, out of 35 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Stepwise dissociation constants are each defined for the loss of a single proton. The constant for dissociation of the first proton may be denoted as K a1 and the constants for dissociation of successive protons as K a2, etc. Phosphoric acid, H 3 PO 4, is an example of a polyprotic acid as it can lose three protons.
Commonly used mineral acids are sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO 3); these are also known as bench acids. [1] Mineral acids range from superacids (such as perchloric acid) to very weak ones (such as boric acid). Mineral acids tend to be very soluble in water and insoluble in organic solvents.