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Free substitution or rolling substitution is a rule in some sports that allows players to enter and leave the game for other players many times during the course of a game, generally during a time-out or other break in live play; and for coaches to bring in and take out players an unlimited number of times.
Attribute substitution is a psychological process thought to underlie a number of cognitive biases and perceptual illusions. It occurs when an individual has to make a judgment (of a target attribute ) that is computationally complex, and instead substitutes a more easily calculated heuristic attribute . [ 1 ]
Substitution (sport), where a sports team is able to change one player for another during a match; Substitution therapy or opiate replacement therapy; Import substitution industrialization, a trade and economic policy; Penal substitution, a theory of the atonement within Christian theology
The substitution of absent players happened as early as the 1850s, for example from Eton College where the term emergencies is used. [5] Numerous references to players acting as a "substitute" occur in matches in the mid-1860s [6] where it is not indicated whether these were replacements of absent players or of players injured during the match.
For glossaries of terms, please place the glossaries in Category:Glossaries of sports and, if one exists, the sport-specific subcategory of Category:Sports terminology. Do not a create a sport-specific subcategory just to hold a lone glossary article (it will just get up-merged again at WP:CFD ).
A defensive substitution in the game of baseball occurs when a currently non-playing player is placed into the field in place of another player, typically due either to injury or the appearance of a pinch hitter.
The term "sport psychology" was first used back in 1900 by Pierre de Coubertin. The field saw notably contributions from the pioneers in Wundt and de Coubertin in the early 1900s. [6] The birth of sport psychology in Europe happened largely in Germany. The first sport psychology laboratory was founded by Dr. Carl Diem in Berlin, in the early ...
In psychology and cognitive science, a memory bias is a cognitive bias that either enhances or impairs the recall of a memory (either the chances that the memory will be recalled at all, or the amount of time it takes for it to be recalled, or both), or that alters the content of a reported memory. There are many types of memory bias, including: