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In existentialism, bad faith (French: mauvaise foi) is the psychological phenomenon whereby individuals act inauthentically, by yielding to the external pressures of society to adopt false values and disown their innate freedom as sentient human beings. [1] Bad faith also derives from the related concepts of self-deception and ressentiment.
In Being and Nothingness, Sartre uses the example of a waiter in "bad faith". He merely takes part in the "act" of being a typical waiter, albeit very convincingly. [ 46 ] This image usually corresponds to a social norm, but this does not mean that all acting in accordance with social norms is inauthentic.
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Othello (left) and Iago (right) from Othello by William Shakespeare.Much of the tragedy of the play is brought about by advice Iago gives to Othello in bad faith. Bad faith (Latin: mala fides) is a sustained form of deception which consists of entertaining or pretending to entertain one set of feelings while acting as if influenced by another. [1]
The authentic domain of bad faith is realizing that the role we are playing is the lie. To live and project into the future as a project of a self, while keeping out of bad faith and living by the will of the self is living life authentically. One of the most important implications of bad faith is the abolition of traditional ethics. Being a ...
[3] [6] This is the case, for example, if the loss of meaning is associated with bad choices in the past for which the individual feels guilty. But it can also take the form of a more abstract type of bad conscience as existential guilt.
The proposition that existence precedes essence (French: l'existence précède l'essence) is a central claim of existentialism, which reverses the traditional philosophical view that the essence (the nature) of a thing is more fundamental and immutable than its existence (the mere fact of its being). [1]
In short, pessimists view existence, overall, as having a deleterious effect on living beings: to be alive is to be put in a bad position. [5]: 4 [6]: 27–29 [7] [11] The bad prevails over the good — generally, the bad wins over the good. [9] [2] This can be understood in two ways. Firstly, one can make a case that — irrespective of the ...