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Taiwanese Hokkien (Tâi-lô) Mandarin Pinyin Influence Description Photo Takoyaki: 章魚燒 Japanese A ball-shaped snack that is filled with diced octopus and fried in a flour-based batter, and it can be eaten with condiments such as wasabi. They are commonly found at night markets. [57] Wheel Pie: 車輪餅: chhia-lûn-piáⁿ: chēlúnbǐng ...
Although the use of Taiwanese Hokkien over Mandarin was historically part of the Taiwan independence movement, the linkage between politics and language is not as strong as it once was. Some fluency in Taiwanese Hokkien is desirable for political office in Taiwan for both independence and unificationist politicians.
In the capital of Taipei, where there is a high concentration of Mainlander descendants who do not natively speak Hokkien, Mandarin is used in greater frequency and fluency than in other parts of Taiwan. The 2010 Taiwanese census found that in addition to Mandarin, Hokkien was natively spoken by around 70% of the population, and Hakka by 15%. [34]
Chhoah-peng (Taiwanese Hokkien: 礤冰 or 剉冰; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoah-peng) [1] or Tsua bing, also known as Baobing (Chinese: 刨冰; pinyin: bàobīng) in Mandarin, is a shaved ice dessert introduced to Taiwan under Japanese rule, [2] and then spread from Taiwan to Greater China and countries with large regional Overseas Chinese populations such as Malaysia and Singapore.
Unlike Mandarin, Hokkien retains all the final consonants corresponding to those of Middle Chinese. While Mandarin only preserves the [n] and [ŋ] finals, Hokkien also preserves the [m], [p], [t] and [k] finals and has developed the glottal stop [ʔ]. The vowels of Hokkien are listed below: [42]
According to data collected from 2005–2009 by the American Community Survey, 76,822 people spoke Taiwanese Hokkien. [11] In New York City, Standard Mandarin Chinese was spoken as a native language among only ten percent of Chinese speakers as 2002, but was being used as a secondary dialect and replacing Cantonese as their lingua franca. [12]
Much of Taiwanese Hokkien is mutually intelligible with other dialects of Hokkien as spoken in China and South-east Asia (such as Singaporean Hokkien), but also to a degree with the Teochew variant of Southern Min spoken in Eastern Guangdong, China. It is, however, mutually unintelligible with Mandarin and other Chinese languages.
The first Chinese language romanization system in Taiwan, Pe̍h-ōe-jī, was developed for Taiwanese by Presbyterian missionaries and has been promoted by the indigenous Presbyterian Churches since the 19th century. Pe̍h-ōe-jī is also the first written system of Taiwanese Hokkien; a similar system for Hakka was also