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  2. Data communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_communication

    Data transmission, digital transmission or digital communications is the transfer of data over a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication channel. Examples of such channels include copper wires, optical fibers, wireless communication channels, storage media and computer buses.

  3. Bit error rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_error_rate

    In digital transmission, the number of bit errors is the number of received bits of a data stream over a communication channel that have been altered due to noise, interference, distortion or bit synchronization errors.

  4. Equalization (communications) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equalization_(communications)

    Digital telecommunications [ edit ] Modern digital telephone systems have less trouble in the voice frequency range as only the local line to the subscriber now remains in analog format, but DSL circuits operating in the MHz range on those same wires may suffer severe attenuation distortion , which is dealt with by automatic equalization or by ...

  5. Digital signal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signal

    In digital communications, a digital signal is a continuous-time physical signal, alternating between a discrete number of waveforms, [3] representing a bitstream. The shape of the waveform depends the transmission scheme, which may be either a line coding scheme allowing baseband transmission; or a digital modulation scheme, allowing passband ...

  6. Analog transmission - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_transmission

    Telephony and voice communication was originally primarily analog in nature, as was most television and radio transmission. Early telecommunication devices utilized analog-to-digital conversion devices called modulator/demodulators, or modems , to convert analog signals to digital signals and back.

  7. Modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation

    Digital modulation schemes are possible because the transmitter-receiver pair has prior knowledge of how data is encoded and represented in the communications system. In all digital communication systems, both the modulator at the transmitter and the demodulator at the receiver are structured so that they perform inverse operations.

  8. Zero-forcing equalizer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-forcing_equalizer

    The zero-forcing equalizer is a form of linear equalization algorithm used in communication systems which applies the inverse of the frequency response of the channel. This form of equalizer was first proposed by Robert Lucky.

  9. OSI model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

    The model allows transparent communication through equivalent exchange of protocol data units (PDUs) between two parties, through what is known as peer-to-peer networking (also known as peer-to-peer communication). As a result, the OSI reference model has not only become an important piece among professionals and non-professionals alike, but ...