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Both are academic style guides that have been widely used in the United States, Canada, and other countries, providing guidelines for writing and documentation of research in the humanities, such as English studies (including the English language, writing, and literature written in English); the study of other modern languages and literatures ...
This list of style guide abbreviations provides the meanings of the abbreviations that are commonly used as short ways to refer to major style guides. They are used especially by editors communicating with other editors in manuscript queries, proof queries, marginalia , emails, message boards , and so on.
[1] [2] It specifies the writing, editing, and citation styles for use in the journals published by the American Medical Association. The manual was first published in 1962, and its current edition, the 11th, was released in 2020. [3] It covers a range of topics for authors and editors in medicine and related health fields.
Use of italics should conform to Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting § Italic type. Do not use articles (a, an, or the) as the first word (Economy of the Second Empire, not The economy of the Second Empire), unless it is an inseparable part of a name (The Hague) or of the title of a work (A Clockwork Orange, The Simpsons).
It's bc they indicate lack of effort.
Cf. should stay; it is a standard abbreviation in formal/academic writing, along with i.e., e.g., q.v., ibid., viz., etc., etc., etc. GOP should go for the reasons given here; it is an abbreviation for an informal nickname mostly only known to Americans (and even then only to politically-aware Americans; ask the average US high school student ...
APA style (also known as APA format) is a writing style and format for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books. It is commonly used for citing sources within the field of behavioral and social sciences, including sociology, education, nursing, criminal justice, anthropology, and psychology.
Basic texting abbreviations 8. BC. In texting terms, the second and third letters of the alphabet don’t refer to the time “before Christ.” “BC” is short for “because.”