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Network booting, shortened netboot, is the process of booting a computer from a network rather than a local drive. This method of booting can be used by routers , diskless workstations and centrally managed computers ( thin clients ) such as public computers at libraries and schools.
A high-level PXE overview. In computing, the Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE; often pronounced as / ˈ p ɪ k s iː / pixie, often called PXE boot (pixie boot), is a specification describing a standardized client–server environment that boots a software assembly, retrieved from a network, on PXE-enabled clients.
In Windows NT, the booting process is initiated by NTLDR in versions before Vista and the Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR) in Vista and later. [4] The boot loader is responsible for accessing the file system on the boot drive, starting ntoskrnl.exe, and loading boot-time device drivers into memory.
For DOS remote boot to work, the RPL boot loader is loaded into the client's memory over the network before the operating system starts. Without special precautions the operating system could easily overwrite the RPL code during boot, since the RPL code resides in unallocated memory (typically at the top of the available conventional memory).
At boot time, a workstation that has been set to boot from PXE will issue a BOOTP request via the network. Once the request is received, the DHCP Server will supply an IP address to the machine, and the DNS server will point the client computer to the RIS server, which in turn will issue a disc boot image (often called the "OS Chooser").
iPXE can fetch boot files using multiple network protocols, such as TFTP, NFS, HTTP or FTP. iPXE can act as a boot loader for the Linux kernel, with support for multiboot . For other operating systems, for example Windows CE , iPXE chain-loads corresponding Microsoft boot loader.
As with the second-stage boot loader, network booting begins by using generic network access methods provided by the network interface's boot ROM, which typically contains a Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) image. No drivers are required, but the system functionality is limited until the operating system kernel and drivers are transferred ...
Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) is a set of tools based on Windows PE to help diagnose and recover from serious errors which may be preventing Windows from booting successfully. Windows RE is installed alongside Windows Vista and later, and may be booted from hard disks, optical media (such as an operating system installation disc) and PXE ...