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A morphological tree of Megalonychidae, based on the work of Stinnesbeck and colleagues (2021). [15] ( Note that this tree does not conform to genetic studies, as it includes the Caribbean sloths Neocnus, Parocnus Megalocnus and Arcatocnus which have been placed in the separate family Megalocnidae, well as the two toed sloths (Choloepus), which are placed in the clade Mylodontoidea).
Megalonyx (Greek, "great-claw") is an extinct genus of ground sloths of the family Megalonychidae, native to North America.It evolved during the Pliocene Epoch and became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene, living from ~5 million to ~13,000 years ago. [3]
Eucholoeops was a megalonychid, a family within the order Folivora which contains all of sloths. Megalonychids existed from the Deseadan SALMA (29–21 mya) to the Rancholabrean NALMA (240,000 BCE to 11,000 BCE), the last surviving genus being Megalonyx itself from North America. [9]
Ground sloths had dispersed into the Caribbean already by 31 million years ago, as evidenced by a femur found in Puerto Rico. [34] During the Miocene, sloths diversified, with the major families of sloths appearing during this period, [34] with diversity waxing and waning over the course of the Miocene. Megalonychid and mylodontid sloths had ...
Life restoration of the related ground sloth Megalonyx.. Ortotherium was a megalonychid sloth, a family within the order Folivora which contains all of sloths. Megalonychids existed from the Deseadan SALMA (29–21 mya) to the Rancholabrean NALMA (240,000 BCE to 11,000 BCE), the last surviving genus being Megalonyx itself from North America. [16]
Urumacocnus is a relatively small sized megalonychid sloth that shares a combination of diagnostic features such as a round femur shaft, a straight femur shaft, albeit with the medial and lateral sides curved the femur head angle with respect to the femur shaft which is more than 160°, the femur neck being well demarcated, a valley between the femur head and the greater trochanter shallow ...
Xibalbaonyx is an extinct genus of megalonychid ground sloth known from the Late Pleistocene of Mexico. Three species are known: X. oviceps and X. exiniferis from the Yucatan Peninsula and X. microcaninus from Jalisco. The genus is named after Xibalba, the underworld in Maya mythology.
Megalocnid sloths were relatively small compared to mainland ground sloths, [11] though they were the largest mammals native to the Caribbean islands [4] with the largest species Megalocnus rodens estimated to weigh around 146 kilograms (322 lb) [11] or 270 kilograms (600 lb), [4] with the smallest genera Neocnus and Acratocnus estimated to only weigh 8–15 kilograms (18–33 lb).