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This is a list of free and open-source software (FOSS) packages, computer software licensed under free software licenses and open-source licenses.Software that fits the Free Software Definition may be more appropriately called free software; the GNU project in particular objects to their works being referred to as open-source. [1]
The first and second law of thermodynamics are the most fundamental equations of thermodynamics. They may be combined into what is known as fundamental thermodynamic relation which describes all of the changes of thermodynamic state functions of a system of uniform temperature and pressure.
The definition of the Gibbs function is = + where H is the enthalpy defined by: = +. Taking differentials of each definition to find dH and dG, then using the fundamental thermodynamic relation (always true for reversible or irreversible processes): = where S is the entropy, V is volume, (minus sign due to reversibility, in which dU = 0: work other than pressure-volume may be done and is equal ...
Thermodynamic data is usually presented as a table or chart of function values for one mole of a substance (or in the case of the steam tables, one kg). A thermodynamic datafile is a set of equation parameters from which the numerical data values can be calculated.
S. Sand bath; Saturation vapor curve; Scale of temperature; Scheutjens–Fleer theory; Scuderi cycle; Second sound; Sensible heat; Shelf-break front; Simon–Glatzel equation
For quasi-static and reversible processes, the first law of thermodynamics is: d U = δ Q − δ W {\displaystyle dU=\delta Q-\delta W} where δQ is the heat supplied to the system and δW is the work done by the system.
Examples are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, thermodynamic temperature, and entropy. For a given body, of a given chemical constitution, when its thermodynamic state has been fully defined by its pressure and volume, then its temperature is uniquely determined.
Properties of isolated, closed, and open thermodynamic systems in exchanging energy and matter. A thermodynamic system is a body of matter and/or radiation separate from its surroundings that can be studied using the laws of thermodynamics.