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In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. [1] More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty. [2] [3]
Fled from his parents when they were about to return to the Ukrainian SSR. Granted political asylum as a naturalised U.S. citizen upon turning 18 on October 3, 1985. Had been the subject of a lengthy political cause célèbre during the preceding five years Maxim Shostakovich: Conductor: Russia: 1981: Defected while on tour in West Germany with ...
Though corruption was a global phenomenon, the Gandhi period saw the disruptive politics of defection become rampant in India. [ 7 ] With rising public opinion [ citation needed ] for an anti-defection law, immediately after securing a clear majority in 1984, Rajiv Gandhi proposed the new anti-defection bill in the Parliament.
Class dealignment is a process in which members of a social class no longer vote for the party that their class is aligned with. In the UK, traditionally, working class voters support Labour and middle class voters support the Conservatives; an example of class dealignment would be if the working class began to view themselves as lower middle class.
Year of defection Country of defection Maurizio Gelli Businessman Italy: 2009 Nicaragua: Edward Snowden: National Security Agency contractor: United States: 2013: Russia: Choe In-guk South Korean citizen South Korea: 2019 North Korea: Evan Neumann: Trumpist militant United States 2022 Belarus: Emil Czeczko: Polish Land Forces: Poland: 2021 ...
Regimes clearly define what constitutes a defection and often clearly prescribe punishments for defection. This reduces the fear that the state is being exploited by other members of the regime and minimizes the chance for misunderstanding. Prescribing sanctions reduces the incentive to covertly defect. Reducing transaction costs.
Country of defection Comment Georgiy Sergeyevich Agabekov [1] 1930 France: Disappeared around August 1937. Body never recovered Ignace Reiss: July 1937 Switzerland: Gunned down by an NKVD hit squad on 4 September 1938 Walter Germanovich Krivitskiy [1] October 1937 France Found dead in his hotel room on 10 February 1941 with a gunshot wound to ...
Defective democracy (or flawed democracy) is a concept that was proposed by the political scientists Wolfgang Merkel, Hans-Jürgen Puhle and Aurel S. Croissant at the beginning of the 21st century to subtilize the distinctions between totalitarian, authoritarian, and democratic political systems. [1] [2] It is based on the concept of embedded ...