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The geometry allows for a very uniform magnetic field to be established in the ring. Muon g − 2 (pronounced "gee minus two") is a particle physics experiment at Fermilab to measure the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of a muon to a precision of 0.14 ppm, [1] which is a sensitive test of the Standard Model. [2]
If one measures the spin along a vertical axis, electrons are described as "spin up" or "spin down", based on the magnetic moment pointing up or down, respectively. To mathematically describe the experiment with spin-1/2 particles, it is easiest to use Dirac's bra–ket notation. As the particles pass through the Stern–Gerlach device, they ...
Spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, and thus by composite particles such as hadrons, atomic nuclei, and atoms. [1] [2]: 183–184 Spin is quantized, and accurate models for the interaction with spin require relativistic quantum mechanics or quantum field theory.
A more general case is when the initial muon spin direction (coinciding with the detector axis) forms an angle with the field direction. In this case the muon spin precession describes a cone which results in both a longitudinal component, , and a transverse precessing component, , of the total asymmetry. ZF μSR experiments in the ...
The difference between the electron's cyclotron frequency and its spin precession frequency in a magnetic field is proportional to g−2. An extremely high precision measurement of the quantized energies of the cyclotron orbits, or Landau levels , of the electron, compared to the quantized energies of the electron's two possible spin ...
While the transfer of angular momentum on a magnetic moment from an applied magnetic field is shown to cause precession of the moment about the field axis, the rotation of the moment into alignment with the field occurs through damping processes. Atomic-level dynamics involves interactions between magnetization, electrons, and phonons. [3]
The experiment setup contains 3 parts: an inhomogeneous magnetic field in front, the rotating field at the middle, and another inhomogeneous magnetic field at the end. Atoms after passing the first inhomogeneous field will split into 2 beams corresponding the spin up and spin down state.
An illustration of the precession of a spin wave with a wavelength that is eleven times the lattice constant about an applied magnetic field. The projection of the magnetization of the same spin wave along the chain direction as a function of distance along the spin chain.