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The offspring produced by apomictic parthenogenesis are full clones of their mother, as in aphids. [23] Parthenogenesis involving meiosis is more complicated. In some cases, the offspring are haploid (e.g., male ants). In other cases, collectively called automictic parthenogenesis, the ploidy is restored to diploidy by various means. This is ...
Parthenogenesis is a mode of asexual reproduction in which offspring are produced by females without the genetic contribution of a male. Among all the sexual vertebrates, the only examples of true parthenogenesis, in which all-female populations reproduce without the involvement of males, are found in squamate reptiles (snakes and lizards). [1]
Asexual reproduction is found in nearly half of the animal phyla. [57] Parthenogenesis occurs in the hammerhead shark [58] and the blacktip shark. [59] [60] In both cases, the sharks had reached sexual maturity in captivity in the absence of males, and in both cases the offspring were shown to be genetically identical to the mothers.
In 2010, the first lived equine clone of a Criollo horse was born in Argentina and was the first horse clone produced in Latin America. [51] In the same year a cloned polo horse was sold for $800,000 – the highest known price ever paid for a polo horse.
It was concluded after DNA testing that the reproduction was parthenogenetic, as the female pup's DNA matched only one female who lived in the tank, and no male DNA was present in the pup. The pup was not a twin or clone of her mother, but rather, contained only half of her mother's DNA ("automictic parthenogenesis"). This type of reproduction ...
In 2023, a second clone of the original stallion, named Ollie, was born; this marked the first instance of multiple living clones of a single individual of an endangered species being alive at the same time. [128] Also in 2020, a clone named Elizabeth Ann was produced of a female black-footed ferret that had no living descendants. [129]
The lizards reproduce by parthenogenesis and are clones of their mother. Under normal reproductive processes, a species has each chromosome pair separated, copied, and paired back with its counterpart. The desert grassland whiptail lizard, however, has chromosome triplets where each triplet is paired with its copy rather than its counterparts ...
A. parthenogenetica, as its specific name suggests, is an obligate parthenogenetic organism, one that reproduces without sexual reproduction. Like other brine shrimp, A. parthenogenetica produces cysts that are highly resistant to environmental changes, including large changes in temperature and salinity, and the stress of drying out and exposure to UV radiation. [7]