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Traumatic accidents cause injuries to teeth and oral structures, with a direct or indirect impact. Dental carious lesion Falls, which account for 65% of cases (Saber Azami-Aghdash et al., 2015), are the most common etiology for traumatic dental injuries, especially in primary dentition.
The incidence of traumatic dental injuries is 1–3%, and the prevalence is steady at 20–30%." [49] Almost 30% of the children in pre-school have mostly experienced trauma to primary teeth. Dental injuries involving the permanent teeth happen to almost 25% of children in school and 30% of adults.
Dental intrusion is an apical displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone. This injury is accompanied by extensive damage to periodontal ligament , cementum , disruption of the neurovascular supply to the pulp, and communication or fracture of the alveolar socket.
Dental avulsion is a type of dental trauma, and the prevalence of dental trauma is estimated at 17.5% and varies with geographical area. [36] Although dental trauma is relatively low, dental avulsion is the fourth most prevalent type of dental trauma. [37] Dental avulsion is more prevalent in males than females.
Occlusal trauma; Secondary occlusal trauma on X-ray film displays two lone-standing mandibular teeth, the lower left first premolar and canine. As the remnants of a once full complement of 16 lower teeth, these two teeth have been alone in opposing the forces associated with mastication for some time, as can be evidenced by the widened PDL surrounding the premolar.
Dental trauma is a major global health issue and it affects 17.5% of children and adolescents. [9] It is most commonly seen in school children. Dental subluxation is one of the most common traumatic injuries in primary dentition. Maxillary central incisors are the most commonly affected teeth.
This can happen from trauma such as a fall where the teeth are impacted by a hard object causing a chip to occur. Enamel fracture of tooth 11 on the incisal, biting, surface The term “craze lines” and " enamel infraction " are also used to describe minute incomplete cracks exclusive to the enamel surface.
In about 60% of cases the break occurs in two places. [1] It may result in a decreased ability to fully open the mouth. [1] Often the teeth will not feel properly aligned or there may be bleeding of the gums. [1] Mandibular fractures occur most commonly among males in their 30s. [1] Mandibular fractures are typically the result of trauma. [1]