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In baseball statistics, strikeouts per nine innings pitched (abbreviated K/9, SO/9, or SO/9IP) is the mean of strikeouts (or Ks) by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by multiplying the number of strikeouts by nine, and dividing by the number of innings pitched.
K/9 (or SO/9) – Strikeouts per 9 innings pitched: strikeouts times nine divided by innings pitched; K/BB (or SO/BB) – Strikeout-to-walk ratio: number of strikeouts divided by number of base on balls; L – Loss: number of games where pitcher was pitching while the opposing team took the lead, never lost the lead, and went on to win
Sandy Koufax was the first pitcher to achieve multiple games with 18 strikeouts, recording two in his career. Kerry Wood tied Roger Clemens' major league record of 20 strikeouts in a nine-inning game on May 6, 1998. Max Scherzer tied Kerry Wood and Roger Clemens' major league record of 20 strikeouts in a nine-inning game in 2016.
The single-season record for the lowest ERA is held by Dutch Leonard, who in 1914 had an earned run average of 0.96, pitching 224.2 innings with a win–loss record of 19–5. [2] The all-time record for the lowest single season earned run average by a pitcher pitching 300 or more innings is 1.12, set by Bob Gibson in 1968.
The frequency of immaculate innings has varied widely throughout baseball history. There were only 30 immaculate innings in the 114 Major League seasons from 1876 to 1988, but the next 30 occurred in the 21 seasons from 1989 to 2009. The pace has since picked up even more, with 55 immaculate innings in the 15 seasons from 2010 to 2024.
Innings pitched BF Batters faced SO/9 Strikeouts per 9 innings pitched W Wins GF Games finished H Hits allowed: WHIP Walks plus hits per inning pitched K/BB Strikeout-to-walk ratio L Losses CG Complete games BB Bases on balls allowed ERA+ Adjusted ERA+: WPA Win probability added: ERA Earned run average
The New York Yankees added a strikeout reliever to their bullpen, ... In three seasons with Cincinnati, Cruz averaged 13.9 strikeouts per nine innings with a 4.52 ERA in 141 appearances.
Unlike standard FIP, these values treat infield fly balls as strikeouts, are scaled with respect to RA9 instead of ERA, and are park adjusted. As of 2019, catcher framing is also considered for seasons with framing data. [22] The difference between league and player FIP gives the pitcher's runs above average per 9 innings (RAAP9).